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119 lines
4.7 KiB
Markdown
119 lines
4.7 KiB
Markdown
# Yamaha OPZ (YM2414)
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**disclaimer: despite the name, this has nothing to do with teenage engineering's OP-Z synth!**
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this is the YM2151's little-known successor, used in the Yamaha TX81Z and a few other Yamaha synthesizers. oh, and the Korg Z3 too.
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it adds these features on top of the YM2151:
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- 8 waveforms (but they're different from the OPL ones)
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- per-channel (possibly) linear volume control separate from TL
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- increased multiplier precision (in 1/16ths)
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- 4-step envelope generator shift (minimum TL)
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- another LFO
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- no per-operator key on/off
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- fixed frequency mode per operator (kind of like OPN family's extended channel mode but with a bit less precision and for all 8 channels)
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- "reverb" effect (actually extends release)
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unlike the YM2151, this chip is officially undocumented. very few efforts have been made to study the chip and document it...
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therefore emulation of this chip in Furnace is incomplete and uncertain.
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no plans have been made for TX81Z MIDI passthrough, because:
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- Furnace works with register writes rather than MIDI commands
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- the MIDI protocol is slow (would not be enough).
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- the TX81Z is very slow to process a note on/off or parameter change event.
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- the TL range has been reduced to 0-99, but the chip goes from 0-127.
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# effects
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- `10xx`: **set noise frequency of channel 8 operator 4.** `00` disables noise while `01` to `20` enable it.
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- `11xx`: **set feedback of channel.**
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- `12xx`: **set operator 1 level.**
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- `13xx`: **set operator 2 level.**
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- `14xx`: **set operator 3 level.**
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- `15xx`: **set operator 4 level.**
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- `16xy`: **set multiplier of operator.**
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- `x` is the operator (1-4).
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- `y` is the multiplier.
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- `17xx`: **set LFO speed.**
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- `18xx`: **set LFO waveform.** `xx` may be one of the following:
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- `00`: saw
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- `01`: square
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- `02`: triangle
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- `03`: noise
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- `19xx`: **set attack of all operators.**
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- `1Axx`: **set attack of operator 1.**
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- `1Bxx`: **set attack of operator 2.**
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- `1Cxx`: **set attack of operator 3.**
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- `1Dxx`: **set attack of operator 4.**
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- `1Exx`: **set LFO AM depth.**
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- `1Fxx`: **set LFO PM depth.**
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- `24xx`: **set LFO 2 speed.**
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- `25xx`: **set LFO 2 waveform.** `xx` may be one of the following:
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- `00`: saw
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- `01`: square
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- `02`: triangle
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- `03`: noise
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- `26xx`: **set LFO 2 AM depth.**
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- `27xx`: **set LFO 2 PM depth.**
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- `28xy`: **set reverb of operator.**
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- `x` is the operator (1-4). a value of `0` means "all operators".
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- `y` is the value.
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- `2Axy`: **set waveform of operator.**
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- `x` is the operator (1-4). a value of `0` means "all operators".
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- `y` is the value.
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- `2Bxy`: **set EG shift of operator.**
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- `x` is the operator (1-4). a value of `0` means "all operators".
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- `y` is the value.
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- `2Cxy`: **set fine multiplier of operator.**
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- `x` is the operator (1-4). a value of `0` means "all operators".
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- `y` is the value.
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- `2Fxx`: **enable envelope hard reset.**
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- this works by inserting a quick release and tiny delay before a new note.
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- `3xyy`: **set fixed frequency of operator 1/2.**
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- `x` is the block (`0-7` for operator 1; `8-F` for operator 2).
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- `y` is the frequency. fixed frequency mode will be disabled if this is less than 8.
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- the actual frequency is: `y*(2^x)`.
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- `4xyy`: **set fixed frequency of operator 3/4.**
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- `x` is the block (`0-7` for operator 3; `8-F` for operator 4).
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- `y` is the frequency. fixed frequency mode will be disabled if this is less than 8.
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- the actual frequency is: `y*(2^x)`.
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- `50xy`: **set AM of operator.**
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- `x` is the operator (1-4). a value of `0` means "all operators".
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- `y` determines whether AM is on.
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- `51xy`: **set SL of operator.**
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- `x` is the operator (1-4). a value of `0` means "all operators".
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- `y` is the value.
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- `52xy`: **set RR of operator.**
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- `x` is the operator (1-4). a value of `0` means "all operators".
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- `y` is the value.
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- `53xy`: **set DT of operator.**
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- `x` is the operator (1-4). a value of `0` means "all operators".
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- `y` is the value:
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- `0`: +0
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- `1`: +1
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- `2`: +2
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- `3`: +3
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- `4`: -0
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- `5`: -3
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- `6`: -2
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- `7`: -1
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- `54xy`: **set RS of operator.**
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- `x` is the operator (1-4). a value of `0` means "all operators".
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- `y` is the value.
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- `55xy`: **set DT2 of operator.**
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- `x` is the operator (1-4). a value of `0` means "all operators".
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- `y` is the value.
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- `56xx`: **set DR of all operators.**
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- `57xx`: **set DR of operator 1.**
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- `58xx`: **set DR of operator 2.**
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- `59xx`: **set DR of operator 3.**
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- `5Axx`: **set DR of operator 4.**
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- `5Bxx`: **set D2R/SR of all operators.**
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- `5Cxx`: **set D2R/SR of operator 1.**
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- `5Dxx`: **set D2R/SR of operator 2.**
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- `5Exx`: **set D2R/SR of operator 3.**
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- `5Fxx`: **set D2R/SR of operator 4.**
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# info
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this chip uses the [FM (OPZ)](../4-instrument/opz.md) instrument editor.
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