0th iteration of the theming documentation
This commit is contained in:
Tobias Diekershoff
parent
4ca515ab33
commit
3855648c3d
1 changed files with 266 additions and 0 deletions
266
doc/themes.md
Normal file
266
doc/themes.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
|
|||
# Themes
|
||||
|
||||
* [Home](help)
|
||||
|
||||
To change the look of friendica you have to touch the themes.
|
||||
The current default theme is [duepunto zero](https://github.com/friendica/friendica/tree/master/view/theme/duepuntozero) but there are numerous others.
|
||||
Have a look at [friendica-themes.com](http://friendica-themes.com) for an overview of the existing themes.
|
||||
There are several ways to change a theme.
|
||||
You can either directly work on an existing theme.
|
||||
But you might loose your changes when the theme is updated by the friendica team.
|
||||
In cases where you are almost happy with an existing theme, the easiest way to cover your needs is to create a new theme, inheritating most of the properties of the parent theme and change just minor stuff.
|
||||
The beloow for a more detailed description of theme heritage.
|
||||
|
||||
Some themes also allow users to select *variants* of the theme.
|
||||
Those theme variants most often contain an additional [CSS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS) file to override some styling of the default theme values.
|
||||
From the themes in the main repository *duepunto zero* and *vier* are using this methods for variations.
|
||||
|
||||
Third you can start your theme from scratch.
|
||||
Which is the most complex way to change friendicas look.
|
||||
But it leaves you the most freedom.
|
||||
So below for a detailed description and the meaning of some special files.
|
||||
|
||||
## Styling
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to change the styling of a theme, have a look at the themes CSS file.
|
||||
In most cases, you can found these in
|
||||
|
||||
/view/theme/<your-theme-name>/style.css
|
||||
|
||||
sometimes, there is also a file called style.php in the theme directory.
|
||||
This is only needed if the theme allowes the user to change certain things of the theme dynamically.
|
||||
Say the font size or set a background image.
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to change the structure of the theme, you need to change the templates used by the theme.
|
||||
Friendica themes are using [SMARTY3](http://www.smarty.net/) for templating.
|
||||
The default template can be found in
|
||||
|
||||
/view/templates
|
||||
|
||||
if you want to override any template within your theme create your version of the template in
|
||||
|
||||
/view/theme/<your-theme-name>/templates
|
||||
|
||||
any template that exists there will be used instead of the default one.
|
||||
The same rule applies to the JavaScript files found in
|
||||
|
||||
/js
|
||||
|
||||
they will be overwritten by files in
|
||||
|
||||
/view/theme/<your-theme-name>/js.
|
||||
|
||||
## Expand an existing Theme
|
||||
|
||||
### A new Variation for duepuntozero
|
||||
|
||||
In
|
||||
|
||||
/view/theme/duepuntozero/deriv
|
||||
|
||||
you find a couple of CSS files that define color derivations from the duepunto theme.
|
||||
These resemble some of the now as unsupported marked themes, that were inherited by the duepunto theme.
|
||||
Darkzero and Easter Bunny for example.
|
||||
|
||||
The selection of the colorset is done in a combination of a template for a new form in the settings and aome functions in the theme.php file.
|
||||
The template (theme_settings.tpl)
|
||||
|
||||
<script src="{{$baseurl}}/view/theme/quattro/jquery.tools.min.js"></script>
|
||||
{{include file="field_select.tpl" field=$colorset}}
|
||||
<div class="settings-submit-wrapper">
|
||||
<input type="submit" value="{{$submit}}" class="settings-submit" name="duepuntozero-settings-submit" />
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
defines a formular consisting of a [select](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/select) pull-down which contains all aviable variants and s submit button.
|
||||
See the documentation about [SMARTY3 templates](/help/snarty3-templates.md) for a summary of friendica specific blocks other then the select element.
|
||||
|
||||
The template alone wont work.
|
||||
You make friendica aware of its existance and tell it how to use the template file, by defining a config.php file.
|
||||
It needs to define at lest the following functions
|
||||
* theme_content
|
||||
* theme_post
|
||||
|
||||
and may also define functions for the admin interface
|
||||
|
||||
* theme_admin
|
||||
* theme_admin_post.
|
||||
|
||||
theme_content and theme_admin are used to make the form available in the settings, repectively the admin panel.
|
||||
The _post functions handle the processing of the send form, in this case they save to selected variand in friendicas database.
|
||||
|
||||
To make your own variation all you need to do is to create a new CSS file in the deriv directoy and include it in the array in the config.php:
|
||||
|
||||
$colorset = array(
|
||||
'default'=>t('default'),
|
||||
'greenzero'=>t('greenzero'),
|
||||
'purplezero'=>t('purplezero'),
|
||||
'easterbunny'=>t('easterbunny'),
|
||||
'darkzero'=>t('darkzero'),
|
||||
'comix'=>t('comix'),
|
||||
'slackr'=>t('slackr'),
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
the 1st part of the line is the name of the CSS file (without the .css) the 2nd part is the common name of the variant.
|
||||
The selected 1st part will be saved in the database by the theme_post function.
|
||||
|
||||
function theme_post(&$a){
|
||||
// non local users shall not pass
|
||||
if(! local_user())
|
||||
return;
|
||||
// if the one specific submit button was pressed then proceed
|
||||
if (isset($_POST['duepuntozero-settings-submit'])){
|
||||
// and save the selection key into the personal config of the user
|
||||
set_pconfig(local_user(), 'duepuntozero', 'colorset', $_POST['duepuntozero_colorset']);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
Now that this information is set in the databes, what should friendica do with it?
|
||||
For this, have a look at the theme.php file of the theme.
|
||||
There you'll find somethink alike
|
||||
|
||||
$colorset = get_pconfig( local_user(), 'duepuntozero','colorset');
|
||||
if (!$colorset)
|
||||
$colorset = get_config('duepuntozero', 'colorset');
|
||||
if ($colorset) {
|
||||
if ($colorset == 'greenzero')
|
||||
$a->page['htmlhead'] .= '<link rel="stylesheet" href="view/theme/duepuntozero/deriv/greenzero.css" type="text/css" media="screen" />'."\n";
|
||||
/* some more variants */
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
so you'll just need to add a if selection, fitting your variant keyword and link to the CSS file of it.
|
||||
|
||||
Done.
|
||||
Now you can use the variant on your system.
|
||||
But remember once the theme.php or the config.php you have to readd your variant to them.
|
||||
|
||||
*More of less the same procedure works for the vier theme.*
|
||||
|
||||
### Inheritation
|
||||
|
||||
Say, you like the duepuntozero but you want to have the content of the outer columns left and right exchanged.
|
||||
That would be not a color variation as shown above.
|
||||
Instead we will create a new theme, duepuntozero_lr, inherit the properties of duepuntozero and make small changes to the underlying php files.
|
||||
|
||||
So create a directory called duepunto_lr and create a file called theme.php with your favorite text editor.
|
||||
The content of this file should be something like
|
||||
|
||||
<?php
|
||||
/* meta informations for the theme, see below */
|
||||
function duepuntozero_lr_init(&$a) {
|
||||
$a-> theme_info = array(
|
||||
'extends' => 'duepuntozero'.
|
||||
);
|
||||
set_template_engine($a, 'smarty3');
|
||||
/* and more stuff e.g. the JavaScript function for the header */
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
Next take the default.php file found in the /view direcotry and exchange the aside and right_aside elements.
|
||||
So the central part of the file now looks like this:
|
||||
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<?php if(x($page,'nav')) echo $page['nav']; ?>
|
||||
<aside><?php if(x($page,'right_aside')) echo $page['right_aside']; ?></aside>
|
||||
<section><?php if(x($page,'content')) echo $page['content']; ?>
|
||||
<div id="page-footer"></div>
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
<right_aside><?php if(x($page,'aside')) echo $page['aside']; ?></right_aside>
|
||||
<footer><?php if(x($page,'footer')) echo $page['footer']; ?></footer>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
|
||||
Finally we need a style.css file, inheriting the definitions from the parent theme and containing out changes for the new theme.
|
||||
|
||||
@import url('../duepuntozero/style.css');
|
||||
|
||||
Done.
|
||||
But I agree it is not really useful at this state.
|
||||
Nevertheless, to use it, you just neet to activate in the admin panel.
|
||||
That done, you can select it in the settings like any other activated theme.
|
||||
|
||||
## Creating a Theme from Scratch
|
||||
|
||||
Keep patient.
|
||||
Basically what you have to do is identifying which template you have to change so it looks more like what you want.
|
||||
Adopt the CSS of the theme accordingly.
|
||||
And iterate the process until you have the theme the way you want it.
|
||||
|
||||
## Special Files
|
||||
|
||||
### unsupported
|
||||
|
||||
If a file (which might be empty) exists in the theme directory, the theme is marked as *unsupported*.
|
||||
An unsupported theme may not be selected by a user in the settings.
|
||||
Users who are already using it wont notice anything.
|
||||
|
||||
### README(.md)
|
||||
|
||||
The contents of this file, with or without the .md which indicates [Markdown](https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/) syntax, will be displayed at most repository hosting services and in the theme page within the admin panel of friendica.
|
||||
|
||||
This file should contain information you want to let others know about your theme.
|
||||
|
||||
### screenshot.[png|jpg]
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to have a preview image of your theme displayed in the settings you should take a screenshot and save it with this name.
|
||||
Supported formats are PNG and JPEG.
|
||||
|
||||
### theme.php
|
||||
|
||||
This is the main definition file of the theme.
|
||||
In the header of that file, some meta information are stored.
|
||||
For example, have a look at the theme.php of the *quattro* theme:
|
||||
|
||||
<?php
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Name: Quattro
|
||||
* Version: 0.6
|
||||
* Author: Fabio <http://kirgroup.com/profile/fabrixxm>
|
||||
* Maintainer: Fabio <http://kirgroup.com/profile/fabrixxm>
|
||||
* Maintainer: Tobias <https://f.diekershoff.de/profile/tobias>
|
||||
*/
|
||||
|
||||
You see the definition of the themes name, it's version and the initial author of the theme.
|
||||
These three information should be listed.
|
||||
If the original author is not anymore working on the theme, but a maintainer has taken over, the maintainer should be listed as well.
|
||||
The information from the theme header will be displayed in the admin panelö.
|
||||
|
||||
Next crucial part of the theme.php file is a definition of an init function.
|
||||
The name of the function is <theme-name>_init.
|
||||
So in the case of quattro it is
|
||||
|
||||
function quattro_init(&$a) {
|
||||
$a->theme_info = array();
|
||||
set_template_engine($a, 'smarty3');
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
Here we have set the basic theme information, in this case they are empthy.
|
||||
But the array needs to be set.
|
||||
And we have set the template engine that should be used by friendica for this theme.
|
||||
At the moment you should use the *smarty3* engine.
|
||||
There once was a friendica specific templating engine as well but that is not used anymore.
|
||||
If you like to use another templating engine, please implement it.
|
||||
|
||||
When you want to inherit stuff from another theme you have to *announce* this in the theme_info:
|
||||
|
||||
$a->theme_info = array(
|
||||
'extends' => 'duepuntozero',
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
which declares *duepuntozero* as parent of the theme.
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to add something to the HTML header of the theme, one way to do so is by adding it to the theme.php file.
|
||||
To do so, add something alike
|
||||
|
||||
$a->page['htmlhead'] .= <<< EOT
|
||||
/* stuff you want to add to the header */
|
||||
EOT;
|
||||
|
||||
The $a variable holds the friendica application.
|
||||
So you can access the properties of this friendica session from the theme.php file as well.
|
||||
|
||||
### default.php
|
||||
|
||||
This file covers the structure of the underlying HTML layout.
|
||||
The default file is in
|
||||
|
||||
/view/default.php
|
||||
|
||||
if you want to change it, say adding a 4th column for banners of your favourite FLOSS projects, place a new default.php file in your theme directory.
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in a new issue