[extractor] Add _perform_login function (#2943)

* Adds new functions `_initialize_pre_login` and `_perform_login` as part of the extractor API
* Adds `ie.supports_login` to the public API

test/test_iqiyi_sdk_interpreter.py

@@ -12,11 +12,6 @@
 from yt_dlp.extractor import IqiyiIE
 
 
-class IqiyiIEWithCredentials(IqiyiIE):
-    def _get_login_info(self):
-        return 'foo', 'bar'
-
-
 class WarningLogger(object):
     def __init__(self):
         self.messages = []
@@ -40,8 +35,8 @@ def test_iqiyi_sdk_interpreter(self):
         If `sign` is incorrect, /validate call throws an HTTP 556 error
         '''
         logger = WarningLogger()
-        ie = IqiyiIEWithCredentials(FakeYDL({'logger': logger}))
+        ie = IqiyiIE(FakeYDL({'logger': logger}))
-        ie._login()
+        ie._perform_login('foo', 'bar')
         self.assertTrue('unable to log in:' in logger.messages[0])
 
 

test/test_netrc.py

@@ -7,18 +7,19 @@
 sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
 
 
-from yt_dlp.extractor import (
+from yt_dlp.extractor import gen_extractor_classes
-    gen_extractors,
+from yt_dlp.extractor.common import InfoExtractor
-)
+
+NO_LOGIN = InfoExtractor._perform_login
 
 
 class TestNetRc(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_netrc_present(self):
-        for ie in gen_extractors():
+        for ie in gen_extractor_classes():
-            if not hasattr(ie, '_login'):
+            if ie._perform_login is NO_LOGIN:
                 continue
             self.assertTrue(
-                hasattr(ie, '_NETRC_MACHINE'),
+                ie._NETRC_MACHINE,
                 'Extractor %s supports login, but is missing a _NETRC_MACHINE property' % ie.IE_NAME)
 
 

yt_dlp/extractor/abematv.py

@@ -291,15 +291,7 @@ def _get_media_token(self, invalidate=False, to_show=True):
 
         return self._MEDIATOKEN
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        self._login()
-
-    def _login(self):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        # No authentication to be performed
-        if not username:
-            return True
-
         if '@' in username:  # don't strictly check if it's email address or not
             ep, method = 'user/email', 'email'
         else:

yt_dlp/extractor/adn.py

@@ -126,10 +126,7 @@ def _get_subtitles(self, sub_url, video_id):
             }])
         return subtitles
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if not username:
-            return
         try:
             access_token = (self._download_json(
                 self._API_BASE_URL + 'authentication/login', None,

yt_dlp/extractor/afreecatv.py

@@ -184,14 +184,7 @@ def parse_video_key(key):
             video_key['part'] = int(m.group('part'))
         return video_key
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        self._login()
-
-    def _login(self):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
-
         login_form = {
             'szWork': 'login',
             'szType': 'json',

yt_dlp/extractor/alura.py

@@ -74,14 +74,7 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
                 "formats": formats
             }
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        self._login()
-
-    def _login(self):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
-        pass
 
         login_page = self._download_webpage(
             self._LOGIN_URL, None, 'Downloading login popup')

yt_dlp/extractor/animelab.py

@@ -15,25 +15,21 @@
 
 
 class AnimeLabBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://www.animelab.com/login'
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'animelab'
+    _LOGGED_IN = False
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _is_logged_in(self, login_page=None):
-        def is_logged_in(login_webpage):
+        if not self._LOGGED_IN:
-            return 'Sign In' not in login_webpage
+            if not login_page:
+                login_page = self._download_webpage(self._LOGIN_URL, None, 'Downloading login page')
+            AnimeLabBaseIE._LOGGED_IN = 'Sign In' not in login_page
+        return self._LOGGED_IN
 
-        login_page = self._download_webpage(
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-            self._LOGIN_URL, None, 'Downloading login page')
+        if self._is_logged_in():
-
-        # Check if already logged in
-        if is_logged_in(login_page):
             return
 
-        (username, password) = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None and self._LOGIN_REQUIRED:
-            self.raise_login_required('Login is required to access any AnimeLab content')
-
         login_form = {
             'email': username,
             'password': password,
@@ -47,17 +43,14 @@ def is_logged_in(login_webpage):
         except ExtractorError as e:
             if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and e.cause.code == 400:
                 raise ExtractorError('Unable to log in (wrong credentials?)', expected=True)
-            else:
+            raise
-                raise
 
-        # if login was successful
+        if not self._is_logged_in(response):
-        if is_logged_in(response):
+            raise ExtractorError('Unable to login (cannot verify if logged in)')
-            return
-
-        raise ExtractorError('Unable to login (cannot verify if logged in)')
 
     def _real_initialize(self):
-        self._login()
+        if not self._is_logged_in():
+            self.raise_login_required('Login is required to access any AnimeLab content')
 
 
 class AnimeLabIE(AnimeLabBaseIE):

yt_dlp/extractor/animeondemand.py

@@ -53,11 +53,7 @@ class AnimeOnDemandIE(InfoExtractor):
         'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
-
         login_page = self._download_webpage(
             self._LOGIN_URL, None, 'Downloading login page')
 
@@ -93,9 +89,6 @@ def _login(self):
                 raise ExtractorError('Unable to login: %s' % error, expected=True)
             raise ExtractorError('Unable to log in')
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
-        self._login()
-
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         anime_id = self._match_id(url)
 

yt_dlp/extractor/atresplayer.py

@@ -37,9 +37,6 @@ class AtresPlayerIE(InfoExtractor):
     ]
     _API_BASE = 'https://api.atresplayer.com/'
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
-        self._login()
-
     def _handle_error(self, e, code):
         if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and e.cause.code == code:
             error = self._parse_json(e.cause.read(), None)
@@ -48,11 +45,7 @@ def _handle_error(self, e, code):
             raise ExtractorError(error['error_description'], expected=True)
         raise
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
-
         self._request_webpage(
             self._API_BASE + 'login', None, 'Downloading login page')
 

yt_dlp/extractor/bbc.py

@@ -264,11 +264,7 @@ class BBCCoUkIE(InfoExtractor):
             'only_matching': True,
         }]
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
-
         login_page = self._download_webpage(
             self._LOGIN_URL, None, 'Downloading signin page')
 
@@ -294,9 +290,6 @@ def _login(self):
                     'Unable to login: %s' % error, expected=True)
             raise ExtractorError('Unable to log in')
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
-        self._login()
-
     class MediaSelectionError(Exception):
         def __init__(self, id):
             self.id = id

yt_dlp/extractor/bilibili.py

@@ -821,11 +821,7 @@ def _extract_ep_info(self, episode_data, ep_id):
             'extractor_key': BiliIntlIE.ie_key(),
         }
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
-
         try:
             from Cryptodome.PublicKey import RSA
             from Cryptodome.Cipher import PKCS1_v1_5
@@ -856,9 +852,6 @@ def _login(self):
             else:
                 raise ExtractorError('Unable to log in')
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
-        self._login()
-
 
 class BiliIntlIE(BiliIntlBaseIE):
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?bili(?:bili\.tv|intl\.com)/(?:[a-z]{2}/)?play/(?P<season_id>\d+)/(?P<id>\d+)'

yt_dlp/extractor/canvas.py

@@ -274,14 +274,7 @@ class VrtNUIE(GigyaBaseIE):
     _APIKEY = '3_0Z2HujMtiWq_pkAjgnS2Md2E11a1AwZjYiBETtwNE-EoEHDINgtnvcAOpNgmrVGy'
     _CONTEXT_ID = 'R3595707040'
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        self._login()
-
-    def _login(self):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
-
         auth_info = self._gigya_login({
             'APIKey': self._APIKEY,
             'targetEnv': 'jssdk',

yt_dlp/extractor/common.py

@@ -432,7 +432,15 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
 
     Subclasses may also override suitable() if necessary, but ensure the function
     signature is preserved and that this function imports everything it needs
-    (except other extractors), so that lazy_extractors works correctly
+    (except other extractors), so that lazy_extractors works correctly.
+
+    To support username + password (or netrc) login, the extractor must define a
+    _NETRC_MACHINE and re-define _perform_login(username, password) and
+    (optionally) _initialize_pre_login() methods. The _perform_login method will
+    be called between _initialize_pre_login and _real_initialize if credentials
+    are passed by the user. In cases where it is necessary to have the login
+    process as part of the extraction rather than initialization, _perform_login
+    can be left undefined.
 
     _GEO_BYPASS attribute may be set to False in order to disable
     geo restriction bypass mechanisms for a particular extractor.
@@ -460,9 +468,10 @@ class InfoExtractor(object):
     _GEO_COUNTRIES = None
     _GEO_IP_BLOCKS = None
     _WORKING = True
+    _NETRC_MACHINE = None
 
     _LOGIN_HINTS = {
-        'any': 'Use --cookies, --username and --password, or --netrc to provide account credentials',
+        'any': 'Use --cookies, --cookies-from-browser, --username and --password, or --netrc to provide account credentials',
         'cookies': (
             'Use --cookies-from-browser or --cookies for the authentication. '
             'See  https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl#how-do-i-pass-cookies-to-youtube-dl  for how to manually pass cookies'),
@@ -512,6 +521,10 @@ def working(cls):
         """Getter method for _WORKING."""
         return cls._WORKING
 
+    @classmethod
+    def supports_login(cls):
+        return bool(cls._NETRC_MACHINE)
+
     def initialize(self):
         """Initializes an instance (authentication, etc)."""
         self._printed_messages = set()
@@ -520,6 +533,13 @@ def initialize(self):
             'ip_blocks': self._GEO_IP_BLOCKS,
         })
         if not self._ready:
+            self._initialize_pre_login()
+            if self.supports_login():
+                username, password = self._get_login_info()
+                if username:
+                    self._perform_login(username, password)
+            elif self.get_param('username') and False not in (self.IE_DESC, self._NETRC_MACHINE):
+                self.report_warning(f'Login with password is not supported for this website. {self._LOGIN_HINTS["cookies"]}')
             self._real_initialize()
             self._ready = True
 
@@ -665,6 +685,14 @@ def set_downloader(self, downloader):
         """Sets a YoutubeDL instance as the downloader for this IE."""
         self._downloader = downloader
 
+    def _initialize_pre_login(self):
+        """ Intialization before login. Redefine in subclasses."""
+        pass
+
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
+        """ Login with username and password. Redefine in subclasses."""
+        pass
+
     def _real_initialize(self):
         """Real initialization process. Redefine in subclasses."""
         pass
@@ -1098,12 +1126,15 @@ def report_login(self):
 
     def raise_login_required(
             self, msg='This video is only available for registered users',
-            metadata_available=False, method='any'):
+            metadata_available=False, method=NO_DEFAULT):
         if metadata_available and (
                 self.get_param('ignore_no_formats_error') or self.get_param('wait_for_video')):
             self.report_warning(msg)
             return
+        if method is NO_DEFAULT:
+            method = 'any' if self.supports_login() else 'cookies'
         if method is not None:
+            assert method in self._LOGIN_HINTS, 'Invalid login method'
             msg = '%s. %s' % (msg, self._LOGIN_HINTS[method])
         raise ExtractorError(msg, expected=True)
 
@@ -3680,9 +3711,8 @@ def _get_automatic_captions(self, *args, **kwargs):
     def mark_watched(self, *args, **kwargs):
         if not self.get_param('mark_watched', False):
             return
-        if (hasattr(self, '_NETRC_MACHINE') and self._get_login_info()[0] is not None
+        if (self.supports_login() and self._get_login_info()[0] is not None
-                or self.get_param('cookiefile')
+                or self.get_param('cookiefile') or self.get_param('cookiesfrombrowser')):
-                or self.get_param('cookiesfrombrowser')):
             self._mark_watched(*args, **kwargs)
 
     def _mark_watched(self, *args, **kwargs):

yt_dlp/extractor/crunchyroll.py

@@ -57,10 +57,7 @@ def _call_rpc_api(self, method, video_id, note=None, data=None):
                 'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
             })
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
         if self._get_cookies(self._LOGIN_URL).get('etp_rt'):
             return
 
@@ -89,9 +86,6 @@ def _login(self):
         if not self._get_cookies(self._LOGIN_URL).get('etp_rt'):
             raise ExtractorError('Login succeeded but did not set etp_rt cookie')
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
-        self._login()
-
     @staticmethod
     def _add_skip_wall(url):
         parsed_url = compat_urlparse.urlparse(url)

yt_dlp/extractor/curiositystream.py

@@ -33,14 +33,11 @@ def _call_api(self, path, video_id, query=None):
         self._handle_errors(result)
         return result['data']
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        email, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if email is None:
-            return
         result = self._download_json(
             'https://api.curiositystream.com/v1/login', None,
             note='Logging in', data=urlencode_postdata({
-                'email': email,
+                'email': username,
                 'password': password,
             }))
         self._handle_errors(result)

yt_dlp/extractor/digitalconcerthall.py

@@ -45,10 +45,7 @@ class DigitalConcertHallIE(InfoExtractor):
         'playlist_count': 3,
     }]
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if not username:
-            self.raise_login_required()
         token_response = self._download_json(
             self._OAUTH_URL,
             None, 'Obtaining token', errnote='Unable to obtain token', data=urlencode_postdata({
@@ -78,7 +75,8 @@ def _login(self):
             self.raise_login_required(msg='Login info incorrect')
 
     def _real_initialize(self):
-        self._login()
+        if not self._ACCESS_TOKEN:
+            self.raise_login_required(method='password')
 
     def _entries(self, items, language, **kwargs):
         for item in items:

yt_dlp/extractor/eroprofile.py

@@ -39,11 +39,7 @@ class EroProfileIE(InfoExtractor):
         'skip': 'Requires login',
     }]
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        (username, password) = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
-
         query = compat_urllib_parse_urlencode({
             'username': username,
             'password': password,
@@ -62,9 +58,6 @@ def _login(self):
             r'<script[^>]+?src="([^"]+)"', login_page, 'login redirect url')
         self._download_webpage(redirect_url, None, False)
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
-        self._login()
-
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         display_id = self._match_id(url)
 

yt_dlp/extractor/facebook.py

@@ -329,11 +329,7 @@ def _extract_urls(webpage):
             urls.append(mobj.group('url'))
         return urls
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        useremail, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if useremail is None:
-            return
-
         login_page_req = sanitized_Request(self._LOGIN_URL)
         self._set_cookie('facebook.com', 'locale', 'en_US')
         login_page = self._download_webpage(login_page_req, None,
@@ -345,7 +341,7 @@ def _login(self):
         lgnrnd = self._search_regex(r'name="lgnrnd" value="([^"]*?)"', login_page, 'lgnrnd')
 
         login_form = {
-            'email': useremail,
+            'email': username,
             'pass': password,
             'lsd': lsd,
             'lgnrnd': lgnrnd,
@@ -392,9 +388,6 @@ def _login(self):
             self.report_warning('unable to log in: %s' % error_to_compat_str(err))
             return
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
-        self._login()
-
     def _extract_from_url(self, url, video_id):
         webpage = self._download_webpage(
             url.replace('://m.facebook.com/', '://www.facebook.com/'), video_id)

yt_dlp/extractor/fancode.py

@@ -49,30 +49,26 @@ class FancodeVodIE(InfoExtractor):
         'referer': 'https://fancode.com',
     }
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
         # Access tokens are shortlived, so get them using the refresh token.
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
+        if username != 'refresh':
-        if username == 'refresh' and password is not None:
-            self.report_login()
-            data = '''{
-                "query":"mutation RefreshToken($refreshToken: String\\u0021) { refreshToken(refreshToken: $refreshToken) { accessToken }}",
-                "variables":{
-                    "refreshToken":"%s"
-                },
-                "operationName":"RefreshToken"
-            }''' % password
-
-            token_json = self.download_gql('refresh token', data, "Getting the Access token")
-            self._ACCESS_TOKEN = try_get(token_json, lambda x: x['data']['refreshToken']['accessToken'])
-            if self._ACCESS_TOKEN is None:
-                self.report_warning('Failed to get Access token')
-            else:
-                self.headers.update({'Authorization': 'Bearer %s' % self._ACCESS_TOKEN})
-        elif username is not None:
             self.report_warning(f'Login using username and password is not currently supported. {self._LOGIN_HINT}')
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+        self.report_login()
-        self._login()
+        data = '''{
+            "query":"mutation RefreshToken($refreshToken: String\\u0021) { refreshToken(refreshToken: $refreshToken) { accessToken }}",
+            "variables":{
+                "refreshToken":"%s"
+            },
+            "operationName":"RefreshToken"
+        }''' % password
+
+        token_json = self.download_gql('refresh token', data, "Getting the Access token")
+        self._ACCESS_TOKEN = try_get(token_json, lambda x: x['data']['refreshToken']['accessToken'])
+        if self._ACCESS_TOKEN is None:
+            self.report_warning('Failed to get Access token')
+        else:
+            self.headers.update({'Authorization': 'Bearer %s' % self._ACCESS_TOKEN})
 
     def _check_login_required(self, is_available, is_premium):
         msg = None

yt_dlp/extractor/frontendmasters.py

@@ -28,14 +28,7 @@ class FrontendMastersBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         'high': {'width': 1920, 'height': 1080}
     }
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        self._login()
-
-    def _login(self):
-        (username, password) = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
-
         login_page = self._download_webpage(
             self._LOGIN_URL, None, 'Downloading login page')
 

yt_dlp/extractor/funimation.py

@@ -36,9 +36,8 @@ def _get_region(self):
                 note='Checking geo-location', errnote='Unable to fetch geo-location information'),
             'region') or 'US'
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
+        if self._TOKEN:
-        if username is None:
             return
         try:
             data = self._download_json(
@@ -47,7 +46,7 @@ def _login(self):
                     'username': username,
                     'password': password,
                 }))
-            return data['token']
+            FunimationBaseIE._TOKEN = data['token']
         except ExtractorError as e:
             if isinstance(e.cause, compat_HTTPError) and e.cause.code == 401:
                 error = self._parse_json(e.cause.read().decode(), None)['error']
@@ -90,8 +89,6 @@ class FunimationPageIE(FunimationBaseIE):
     def _real_initialize(self):
         if not self._REGION:
             FunimationBaseIE._REGION = self._get_region()
-        if not self._TOKEN:
-            FunimationBaseIE._TOKEN = self._login()
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         locale, show, episode = self._match_valid_url(url).group('lang', 'show', 'episode')
@@ -154,10 +151,6 @@ class FunimationIE(FunimationBaseIE):
         },
     }]
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
-        if not self._TOKEN:
-            FunimationBaseIE._TOKEN = self._login()
-
     @staticmethod
     def _get_experiences(episode):
         for lang, lang_data in episode.get('languages', {}).items():

yt_dlp/extractor/gaia.py

@@ -56,24 +56,22 @@ class GaiaIE(InfoExtractor):
     def _real_initialize(self):
         auth = self._get_cookies('https://www.gaia.com/').get('auth')
         if auth:
-            auth = self._parse_json(
+            auth = self._parse_json(compat_urllib_parse_unquote(auth.value), None, fatal=False)
-                compat_urllib_parse_unquote(auth.value),
-                None, fatal=False)
-        if not auth:
-            username, password = self._get_login_info()
-            if username is None:
-                return
-            auth = self._download_json(
-                'https://auth.gaia.com/v1/login',
-                None, data=urlencode_postdata({
-                    'username': username,
-                    'password': password
-                }))
-            if auth.get('success') is False:
-                raise ExtractorError(', '.join(auth['messages']), expected=True)
-        if auth:
             self._jwt = auth.get('jwt')
 
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
+        if self._jwt:
+            return
+        auth = self._download_json(
+            'https://auth.gaia.com/v1/login',
+            None, data=urlencode_postdata({
+                'username': username,
+                'password': password
+            }))
+        if auth.get('success') is False:
+            raise ExtractorError(', '.join(auth['messages']), expected=True)
+        self._jwt = auth.get('jwt')
+
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         display_id, vtype = self._match_valid_url(url).groups()
         node_id = self._download_json(

yt_dlp/extractor/generic.py

@@ -153,6 +153,7 @@ class GenericIE(InfoExtractor):
     IE_DESC = 'Generic downloader that works on some sites'
     _VALID_URL = r'.*'
     IE_NAME = 'generic'
+    _NETRC_MACHINE = False  # Supress username warning
     _TESTS = [
         # Direct link to a video
         {

yt_dlp/extractor/hidive.py

@@ -35,18 +35,14 @@ class HiDiveIE(InfoExtractor):
         'skip': 'Requires Authentication',
     }]
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        email, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if email is None:
-            return
-
         webpage = self._download_webpage(self._LOGIN_URL, None)
         form = self._search_regex(
             r'(?s)<form[^>]+action="/account/login"[^>]*>(.+?)</form>',
             webpage, 'login form')
         data = self._hidden_inputs(form)
         data.update({
-            'Email': email,
+            'Email': username,
             'Password': password,
         })
         self._download_webpage(

yt_dlp/extractor/hrti.py

@@ -27,8 +27,9 @@ class HRTiBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     _APP_VERSION = '1.1'
     _APP_PUBLICATION_ID = 'all_in_one'
     _API_URL = 'http://clientapi.hrt.hr/client_api.php/config/identify/format/json'
+    _token = None
 
-    def _initialize_api(self):
+    def _initialize_pre_login(self):
         init_data = {
             'application_publication_id': self._APP_PUBLICATION_ID
         }
@@ -64,12 +65,7 @@ def _initialize_api(self):
 
         self._logout_url = modules['user']['resources']['logout']['uri']
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        # TODO: figure out authentication with cookies
-        if username is None or password is None:
-            self.raise_login_required()
-
         auth_data = {
             'username': username,
             'password': password,
@@ -94,8 +90,9 @@ def _login(self):
         self._token = auth_info['secure_streaming_token']
 
     def _real_initialize(self):
-        self._initialize_api()
+        if not self._token:
-        self._login()
+            # TODO: figure out authentication with cookies
+            self.raise_login_required(method='password')
 
 
 class HRTiIE(HRTiBaseIE):

yt_dlp/extractor/imggaming.py

@@ -21,25 +21,26 @@ class ImgGamingBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     _REALM = None
     _VALID_URL_TEMPL = r'https?://(?P<domain>%s)/(?P<type>live|playlist|video)/(?P<id>\d+)(?:\?.*?\bplaylistId=(?P<playlist_id>\d+))?'
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _initialize_pre_login(self):
         self._HEADERS = {
             'Realm': 'dce.' + self._REALM,
             'x-api-key': self._API_KEY,
         }
 
-        email, password = self._get_login_info()
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        if email is None:
-            self.raise_login_required()
-
         p_headers = self._HEADERS.copy()
         p_headers['Content-Type'] = 'application/json'
         self._HEADERS['Authorization'] = 'Bearer ' + self._download_json(
             self._API_BASE + 'login',
             None, 'Logging in', data=json.dumps({
-                'id': email,
+                'id': username,
                 'secret': password,
             }).encode(), headers=p_headers)['authorisationToken']
 
+    def _real_initialize(self):
+        if not self._HEADERS.get('Authorization'):
+            self.raise_login_required(method='password')
+
     def _call_api(self, path, media_id):
         return self._download_json(
             self._API_BASE + path + media_id, media_id, headers=self._HEADERS)

yt_dlp/extractor/instagram.py

@@ -29,9 +29,8 @@ class InstagramBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'instagram'
     _IS_LOGGED_IN = False
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
+        if self._IS_LOGGED_IN:
-        if username is None or self._IS_LOGGED_IN:
             return
 
         login_webpage = self._download_webpage(
@@ -72,9 +71,6 @@ def _login(self):
             raise ExtractorError('Unable to login')
         InstagramBaseIE._IS_LOGGED_IN = True
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
-        self._login()
-
     def _get_count(self, media, kind, *keys):
         return traverse_obj(
             media, (kind, 'count'), *((f'edge_media_{key}', 'count') for key in keys),

yt_dlp/extractor/iprima.py

@@ -65,11 +65,9 @@ class IPrimaIE(InfoExtractor):
         'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
+        if self.access_token:
-
+            return
-        if username is None or password is None:
-            self.raise_login_required('Login is required to access any iPrima content', method='password')
 
         login_page = self._download_webpage(
             self._LOGIN_URL, None, note='Downloading login page',
@@ -105,16 +103,16 @@ def _login(self):
         if self.access_token is None:
             raise ExtractorError('Getting token failed', expected=True)
 
+    def _real_initialize(self):
+        if not self.access_token:
+            self.raise_login_required('Login is required to access any iPrima content', method='password')
+
     def _raise_access_error(self, error_code):
         if error_code == 'PLAY_GEOIP_DENIED':
             self.raise_geo_restricted(countries=['CZ'], metadata_available=True)
         elif error_code is not None:
             self.raise_no_formats('Access to stream infos forbidden', expected=True)
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
-        if not self.access_token:
-            self._login()
-
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
 

yt_dlp/extractor/iqiyi.py

@@ -241,9 +241,6 @@ class IqiyiIE(InfoExtractor):
         '18': 7,    # 1080p
     }
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
-        self._login()
-
     @staticmethod
     def _rsa_fun(data):
         # public key extracted from http://static.iqiyi.com/js/qiyiV2/20160129180840/jobs/i18n/i18nIndex.js
@@ -252,12 +249,7 @@ def _rsa_fun(data):
 
         return ohdave_rsa_encrypt(data, e, N)
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-
-        # No authentication to be performed
-        if not username:
-            return True
 
         data = self._download_json(
             'http://kylin.iqiyi.com/get_token', None,

yt_dlp/extractor/lecturio.py

@@ -22,14 +22,7 @@ class LecturioBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://app.lecturio.com/en/login'
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'lecturio'
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        self._login()
-
-    def _login(self):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
-
         # Sets some cookies
         _, urlh = self._download_webpage_handle(
             self._LOGIN_URL, None, 'Downloading login popup')

yt_dlp/extractor/linkedin.py

@@ -25,12 +25,9 @@ class LinkedInBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'linkedin'
     _logged_in = False
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
         if self._logged_in:
             return
-        email, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if email is None:
-            return
 
         login_page = self._download_webpage(
             self._LOGIN_URL, None, 'Downloading login page')
@@ -39,7 +36,7 @@ def _real_initialize(self):
             default='https://www.linkedin.com/uas/login-submit', group='url'))
         data = self._hidden_inputs(login_page)
         data.update({
-            'session_key': email,
+            'session_key': username,
             'session_password': password,
         })
         login_submit_page = self._download_webpage(

yt_dlp/extractor/linuxacademy.py

@@ -75,14 +75,7 @@ class LinuxAcademyIE(InfoExtractor):
     _CLIENT_ID = 'KaWxNn1C2Gc7n83W9OFeXltd8Utb5vvx'
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'linuxacademy'
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        self._login()
-
-    def _login(self):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
-
         def random_string():
             return ''.join([
                 random.choice('0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz-._~')

yt_dlp/extractor/lynda.py

@@ -21,9 +21,6 @@ class LyndaBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     _ACCOUNT_CREDENTIALS_HINT = 'Use --username and --password options to provide lynda.com account credentials.'
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'lynda'
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
-        self._login()
-
     @staticmethod
     def _check_error(json_string, key_or_keys):
         keys = [key_or_keys] if isinstance(key_or_keys, compat_str) else key_or_keys
@@ -32,7 +29,7 @@ def _check_error(json_string, key_or_keys):
             if error:
                 raise ExtractorError('Unable to login: %s' % error, expected=True)
 
-    def _login_step(self, form_html, fallback_action_url, extra_form_data, note, referrer_url):
+    def _perform_login_step(self, form_html, fallback_action_url, extra_form_data, note, referrer_url):
         action_url = self._search_regex(
             r'<form[^>]+action=(["\'])(?P<url>.+?)\1', form_html,
             'post url', default=fallback_action_url, group='url')
@@ -55,11 +52,7 @@ def _login_step(self, form_html, fallback_action_url, extra_form_data, note, ref
 
         return response, action_url
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
-
         # Step 1: download signin page
         signin_page = self._download_webpage(
             self._SIGNIN_URL, None, 'Downloading signin page')

yt_dlp/extractor/nebula.py

@@ -148,14 +148,12 @@ def _build_video_info(self, episode):
             'creator': episode['channel_title'],
         }
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username=None, password=None):
+        # FIXME: username should be passed from here to inner functions
         self._nebula_api_token = self._retrieve_nebula_api_token()
         self._nebula_bearer_token = self._fetch_nebula_bearer_token()
         self._zype_access_token = self._fetch_zype_access_token()
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
-        self._login()
-
 
 class NebulaIE(NebulaBaseIE):
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?(?:watchnebula\.com|nebula\.app)/videos/(?P<id>[-\w]+)'

yt_dlp/extractor/niconico.py

@@ -183,16 +183,7 @@ class NiconicoIE(InfoExtractor):
         'Origin': 'https://www.nicovideo.jp',
     }
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        self._login()
-
-    def _login(self):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        # No authentication to be performed
-        if not username:
-            return True
-
-        # Log in
         login_ok = True
         login_form_strs = {
             'mail_tel': username,

yt_dlp/extractor/njpwworld.py

@@ -43,15 +43,7 @@ class NJPWWorldIE(InfoExtractor):
 
     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://front.njpwworld.com/auth/login'
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        self._login()
-
-    def _login(self):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        # No authentication to be performed
-        if not username:
-            return True
-
         # Setup session (will set necessary cookies)
         self._request_webpage(
             'https://njpwworld.com/', None, note='Setting up session')

yt_dlp/extractor/noco.py

@@ -61,14 +61,7 @@ class NocoIE(InfoExtractor):
         }
     ]
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        self._login()
-
-    def _login(self):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
-
         login = self._download_json(
             self._LOGIN_URL, None, 'Logging in',
             data=urlencode_postdata({

yt_dlp/extractor/packtpub.py

@@ -47,10 +47,7 @@ class PacktPubIE(PacktPubBaseIE):
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'packtpub'
     _TOKEN = None
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
         try:
             self._TOKEN = self._download_json(
                 'https://services.packtpub.com/auth-v1/users/tokens', None,

yt_dlp/extractor/patreon.py

@@ -88,11 +88,7 @@ class PatreonIE(InfoExtractor):
     # Currently Patreon exposes download URL via hidden CSS, so login is not
     # needed. Keeping this commented for when this inevitably changes.
     '''
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
-
         login_form = {
             'redirectUrl': 'http://www.patreon.com/',
             'email': username,
@@ -108,8 +104,6 @@ def _login(self):
         if re.search(r'onLoginFailed', login_page):
             raise ExtractorError('Unable to login, incorrect username and/or password', expected=True)
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
-        self._login()
     '''
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):

yt_dlp/extractor/piapro.py

@@ -29,13 +29,9 @@ class PiaproIE(InfoExtractor):
         }
     }]
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    _login_status = False
-        self._login_status = self._login()
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if not username:
-            return False
         login_ok = True
         login_form_strs = {
             '_username': username,
@@ -57,7 +53,7 @@ def _login(self):
         if not login_ok:
             self.report_warning(
                 'unable to log in: bad username or password')
-        return login_ok
+        self._login_status = login_ok
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)

yt_dlp/extractor/platzi.py

@@ -22,14 +22,7 @@ class PlatziBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://platzi.com/login/'
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'platzi'
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        self._login()
-
-    def _login(self):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
-
         login_page = self._download_webpage(
             self._LOGIN_URL, None, 'Downloading login page')
 

yt_dlp/extractor/playplustv.py

@@ -38,14 +38,10 @@ def _call_api(self, resource, video_id=None, query=None):
             'Authorization': 'Bearer ' + self._token,
         }, query=query)
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        email, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if email is None:
-            self.raise_login_required()
-
         req = PUTRequest(
             'https://api.playplus.tv/api/web/login', json.dumps({
-                'email': email,
+                'email': username,
                 'password': password,
             }).encode(), {
                 'Content-Type': 'application/json; charset=utf-8',
@@ -61,6 +57,10 @@ def _real_initialize(self):
 
         self._profile = self._call_api('Profiles')['list'][0]['_id']
 
+    def _real_initialize(self):
+        if not self._token:
+            self.raise_login_required(method='password')
+
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         project_id, media_id = self._match_valid_url(url).groups()
         media = self._call_api(

yt_dlp/extractor/pluralsight.py

@@ -162,14 +162,7 @@ class PluralsightIE(PluralsightBaseIE):
   }
 }'''
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        self._login()
-
-    def _login(self):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
-
         login_page = self._download_webpage(
             self._LOGIN_URL, None, 'Downloading login page')
 

yt_dlp/extractor/pokergo.py

@@ -15,11 +15,9 @@ class PokerGoBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     _AUTH_TOKEN = None
     _PROPERTY_ID = '1dfb3940-7d53-4980-b0b0-f28b369a000d'
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
+        if self._AUTH_TOKEN:
-        if not username:
+            return
-            self.raise_login_required(method='password')
-
         self.report_login()
         PokerGoBaseIE._AUTH_TOKEN = self._download_json(
             f'https://subscription.pokergo.com/properties/{self._PROPERTY_ID}/sign-in', None,
@@ -30,7 +28,7 @@ def _login(self):
 
     def _real_initialize(self):
         if not self._AUTH_TOKEN:
-            self._login()
+            self.raise_login_required(method='password')
 
 
 class PokerGoIE(PokerGoBaseIE):

yt_dlp/extractor/roosterteeth.py

@@ -21,10 +21,7 @@ class RoosterTeethBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     _API_BASE = 'https://svod-be.roosterteeth.com'
     _API_BASE_URL = f'{_API_BASE}/api/v1'
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
         if self._get_cookies(self._API_BASE_URL).get('rt_access_token'):
             return
 
@@ -47,9 +44,6 @@ def _login(self):
                         msg += ': ' + error
             self.report_warning(msg)
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
-        self._login()
-
     def _extract_video_info(self, data):
         thumbnails = []
         for image in traverse_obj(data, ('included', 'images')):

yt_dlp/extractor/safari.py

@@ -25,14 +25,7 @@ class SafariBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
 
     LOGGED_IN = False
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        self._login()
-
-    def _login(self):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
-
         _, urlh = self._download_webpage_handle(
             'https://learning.oreilly.com/accounts/login-check/', None,
             'Downloading login page')

yt_dlp/extractor/scte.py

@@ -14,14 +14,7 @@ class SCTEBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://www.scte.org/SCTE/Sign_In.aspx'
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'scte'
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        self._login()
-
-    def _login(self):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
-
         login_popup = self._download_webpage(
             self._LOGIN_URL, None, 'Downloading login popup')
 

yt_dlp/extractor/shahid.py

@@ -79,16 +79,12 @@ class ShahidIE(ShahidBaseIE):
         'only_matching': True
     }]
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        email, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if email is None:
-            return
-
         try:
             user_data = self._download_json(
                 'https://shahid.mbc.net/wd/service/users/login',
                 None, 'Logging in', data=json.dumps({
-                    'email': email,
+                    'email': username,
                     'password': password,
                     'basic': 'false',
                 }).encode('utf-8'), headers={

yt_dlp/extractor/sonyliv.py

@@ -75,9 +75,12 @@ def _get_device_id(self):
                 t[i] = '{:x}'.format(3 & n | 8)
         return ''.join(t) + '-' + str(int(time.time() * 1000))
 
-    def _login(self, username, password):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
+        self._HEADERS['device_id'] = self._get_device_id()
+        self._HEADERS['content-type'] = 'application/json'
+
         if username.lower() == 'token' and len(password) > 1198:
-            return password
+            self._HEADERS['authorization'] = password
         elif len(username) != 10 or not username.isdigit():
             raise ExtractorError(f'Invalid username/password; {self._LOGIN_HINT}')
 
@@ -99,7 +102,7 @@ def _login(self, username, password):
             None, note='Verifying OTP', data=data.encode(), headers=self._HEADERS)
         if otp_verify_json['resultCode'] == 'KO':
             raise ExtractorError(otp_request_json['message'], expected=True)
-        return otp_verify_json['resultObj']['accessToken']
+        self._HEADERS['authorization'] = otp_verify_json['resultObj']['accessToken']
 
     def _call_api(self, version, path, video_id):
         try:
@@ -118,13 +121,8 @@ def _call_api(self, version, path, video_id):
                 raise ExtractorError(message)
             raise
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _initialize_pre_login(self):
         self._HEADERS['security_token'] = self._call_api('1.4', 'ALL/GETTOKEN', None)
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username:
-            self._HEADERS['device_id'] = self._get_device_id()
-            self._HEADERS['content-type'] = 'application/json'
-            self._HEADERS['authorization'] = self._login(username, password)
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)

yt_dlp/extractor/soundcloud.py

@@ -107,30 +107,24 @@ def _download_json(self, *args, **kwargs):
                     return False
                 raise
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _initialize_pre_login(self):
         self._CLIENT_ID = self._downloader.cache.load('soundcloud', 'client_id') or 'a3e059563d7fd3372b49b37f00a00bcf'
-        self._login()
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
+        if username != 'oauth':
-        if username is None:
-            return
-
-        if username == 'oauth' and password is not None:
-            self._access_token = password
-            query = self._API_AUTH_QUERY_TEMPLATE % self._CLIENT_ID
-            payload = {'session': {'access_token': self._access_token}}
-            token_verification = sanitized_Request(self._API_VERIFY_AUTH_TOKEN % query, json.dumps(payload).encode('utf-8'))
-            response = self._download_json(token_verification, None, note='Verifying login token...', fatal=False)
-            if response is not False:
-                self._HEADERS = {'Authorization': 'OAuth ' + self._access_token}
-                self.report_login()
-            else:
-                self.report_warning('Provided authorization token seems to be invalid. Continue as guest')
-        elif username is not None:
             self.report_warning(
                 'Login using username and password is not currently supported. '
                 'Use "--username oauth --password <oauth_token>" to login using an oauth token')
+        self._access_token = password
+        query = self._API_AUTH_QUERY_TEMPLATE % self._CLIENT_ID
+        payload = {'session': {'access_token': self._access_token}}
+        token_verification = sanitized_Request(self._API_VERIFY_AUTH_TOKEN % query, json.dumps(payload).encode('utf-8'))
+        response = self._download_json(token_verification, None, note='Verifying login token...', fatal=False)
+        if response is not False:
+            self._HEADERS = {'Authorization': 'OAuth ' + self._access_token}
+            self.report_login()
+        else:
+            self.report_warning('Provided authorization token seems to be invalid. Continue as guest')
 
         r'''
         def genDevId():

yt_dlp/extractor/teachable.py

@@ -40,8 +40,7 @@ def _login(self, site):
         if self._logged_in:
             return
 
-        username, password = self._get_login_info(
+        username, password = self._get_login_info(netrc_machine=self._SITES.get(site, site))
-            netrc_machine=self._SITES.get(site, site))
         if username is None:
             return
 

yt_dlp/extractor/teamtreehouse.py

@@ -51,17 +51,14 @@ class TeamTreeHouseIE(InfoExtractor):
     }]
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'teamtreehouse'
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        email, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if email is None:
-            return
 
         signin_page = self._download_webpage(
             'https://teamtreehouse.com/signin',
             None, 'Downloading signin page')
         data = self._form_hidden_inputs('new_user_session', signin_page)
         data.update({
-            'user_session[email]': email,
+            'user_session[email]': username,
             'user_session[password]': password,
         })
         error_message = get_element_by_class('error-message', self._download_webpage(

yt_dlp/extractor/tennistv.py

@@ -30,11 +30,9 @@ class TennisTVIE(InfoExtractor):
         'skip': 'Requires email and password of a subscribed account',
     }
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'tennistv'
+    _session_token = None
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if not username or not password:
-            raise ExtractorError('No login info available, needed for using %s.' % self.IE_NAME, expected=True)
 
         login_form = {
             'Email': username,
@@ -63,7 +61,8 @@ def _login(self):
         self._session_token = login_result['sessionToken']
 
     def _real_initialize(self):
-        self._login()
+        if not self._session_token:
+            raise self.raise_login_required('Login info is needed for this website', method='password')
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)

yt_dlp/extractor/toutv.py

@@ -40,17 +40,14 @@ class TouTvIE(RadioCanadaIE):
     }]
     _CLIENT_KEY = '90505c8d-9c34-4f34-8da1-3a85bdc6d4f4'
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        email, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if email is None:
-            return
         try:
             self._access_token = self._download_json(
                 'https://services.radio-canada.ca/toutv/profiling/accounts/login',
                 None, 'Logging in', data=json.dumps({
                     'ClientId': self._CLIENT_KEY,
                     'ClientSecret': '34026772-244b-49b6-8b06-317b30ac9a20',
-                    'Email': email,
+                    'Email': username,
                     'Password': password,
                     'Scope': 'id.write media-validation.read',
                 }).encode(), headers={

yt_dlp/extractor/tubitv.py

@@ -54,10 +54,7 @@ class TubiTvIE(InfoExtractor):
         },
     }]
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
         self.report_login()
         form_data = {
             'username': username,
@@ -72,9 +69,6 @@ def _login(self):
             raise ExtractorError(
                 'Login failed (invalid username/password)', expected=True)
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
-        self._login()
-
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
         video_data = self._download_json(

yt_dlp/extractor/tumblr.py

@@ -247,11 +247,7 @@ class TumblrIE(InfoExtractor):
 
     _ACCESS_TOKEN = None
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _initialize_pre_login(self):
-        self.get_access_token()
-        self._login()
-
-    def get_access_token(self):
         login_page = self._download_webpage(
             self._LOGIN_URL, None, 'Downloading login page', fatal=False)
         if login_page:
@@ -260,11 +256,7 @@ def get_access_token(self):
         if not self._ACCESS_TOKEN:
             self.report_warning('Failed to get access token; metadata will be missing and some videos may not work')
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if not username:
-            return
-
         if not self._ACCESS_TOKEN:
             return
 

yt_dlp/extractor/twitch.py

@@ -57,14 +57,7 @@ class TwitchBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
         'VideoPlayer_ChapterSelectButtonVideo': '8d2793384aac3773beab5e59bd5d6f585aedb923d292800119e03d40cd0f9b41',
     }
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        self._login()
-
-    def _login(self):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
-
         def fail(message):
             raise ExtractorError(
                 'Unable to login. Twitch said: %s' % message, expected=True)

yt_dlp/extractor/udemy.py

@@ -168,14 +168,7 @@ def _download_json(self, url_or_request, *args, **kwargs):
         self._handle_error(response)
         return response
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        self._login()
-
-    def _login(self):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
-
         login_popup = self._download_webpage(
             self._LOGIN_URL, None, 'Downloading login popup')
 

yt_dlp/extractor/vidio.py

@@ -23,11 +23,7 @@ class VidioBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://www.vidio.com/users/login'
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'vidio'
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
-
         def is_logged_in():
             res = self._download_json(
                 'https://www.vidio.com/interactions.json', None, 'Checking if logged in', fatal=False) or {}
@@ -63,10 +59,9 @@ def is_logged_in():
                     'Unable to log in: %s. %s' % (reason, clean_html(subreason)), expected=True)
             raise ExtractorError('Unable to log in')
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _initialize_pre_login(self):
         self._api_key = self._download_json(
             'https://www.vidio.com/auth', None, data=b'')['api_key']
-        self._login()
 
     def _call_api(self, url, video_id, note=None):
         return self._download_json(url, video_id, note=note, headers={

yt_dlp/extractor/viewlift.py

@@ -36,9 +36,6 @@ class ViewLiftBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     def _fetch_token(self, site, url):
         if self._TOKENS.get(site):
             return
-        email, password = self._get_login_info(netrc_machine=site)
-        if email:
-            self.report_warning('Logging in using username and password is broken. %s' % self._LOGIN_HINTS['cookies'])
 
         cookies = self._get_cookies(url)
         if cookies and cookies.get('token'):

yt_dlp/extractor/viki.py

@@ -99,14 +99,7 @@ def _check_errors(self, data):
                     self.raise_login_required(message)
                 self._raise_error(message)
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        self._login()
-
-    def _login(self):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
-
         self._token = self._call_api(
             'sessions.json', None, 'Logging in', fatal=False,
             data={'username': username, 'password': password}).get('token')

yt_dlp/extractor/vimeo.py

@@ -44,12 +44,7 @@ class VimeoBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://vimeo.com/log_in'
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED:
-                raise ExtractorError('No login info available, needed for using %s.' % self.IE_NAME, expected=True)
-            return
         webpage = self._download_webpage(
             self._LOGIN_URL, None, 'Downloading login page')
         token, vuid = self._extract_xsrft_and_vuid(webpage)
@@ -75,6 +70,10 @@ def _login(self):
                     expected=True)
             raise ExtractorError('Unable to log in')
 
+    def _real_initialize(self):
+        if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED and not self._get_cookies('https://vimeo.com').get('vuid'):
+            self._raise_login_required()
+
     def _get_video_password(self):
         password = self.get_param('videopassword')
         if password is None:
@@ -701,9 +700,6 @@ def _verify_player_video_password(self, url, video_id, headers):
             raise ExtractorError('Wrong video password', expected=True)
         return checked
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
-        self._login()
-
     def _extract_from_api(self, video_id, unlisted_hash=None):
         token = self._download_json(
             'https://vimeo.com/_rv/jwt', video_id, headers={
@@ -1231,9 +1227,6 @@ class VimeoReviewIE(VimeoBaseInfoExtractor):
         'skip': 'video gone',
     }]
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
-        self._login()
-
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         page_url, video_id = self._match_valid_url(url).groups()
         data = self._download_json(
@@ -1275,9 +1268,6 @@ class VimeoWatchLaterIE(VimeoChannelIE):
         'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
-        self._login()
-
     def _page_url(self, base_url, pagenum):
         url = '%s/page:%d/' % (base_url, pagenum)
         request = sanitized_Request(url)

yt_dlp/extractor/vk.py

@@ -29,11 +29,7 @@
 class VKBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'vk'
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username is None:
-            return
-
         login_page, url_handle = self._download_webpage_handle(
             'https://vk.com', None, 'Downloading login page')
 
@@ -57,9 +53,6 @@ def _login(self):
             raise ExtractorError(
                 'Unable to login, incorrect username and/or password', expected=True)
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
-        self._login()
-
     def _download_payload(self, path, video_id, data, fatal=True):
         data['al'] = 1
         code, payload = self._download_json(

yt_dlp/extractor/vlive.py

@@ -26,22 +26,16 @@ class VLiveBaseIE(NaverBaseIE):
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'vlive'
     _logged_in = False
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        if not self._logged_in:
+        if self._logged_in:
-            VLiveBaseIE._logged_in = self._login()
+            return
-
-    def _login(self):
-        email, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if email is None:
-            return False
-
         LOGIN_URL = 'https://www.vlive.tv/auth/email/login'
         self._request_webpage(
             LOGIN_URL, None, note='Downloading login cookies')
 
         self._download_webpage(
             LOGIN_URL, None, note='Logging in',
-            data=urlencode_postdata({'email': email, 'pwd': password}),
+            data=urlencode_postdata({'email': username, 'pwd': password}),
             headers={
                 'Referer': LOGIN_URL,
                 'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
@@ -54,7 +48,7 @@ def _login(self):
 
         if not try_get(login_info, lambda x: x['message']['login'], bool):
             raise ExtractorError('Unable to log in', expected=True)
-        return True
+        VLiveBaseIE._logged_in = True
 
     def _call_api(self, path_template, video_id, fields=None, query_add={}, note=None):
         if note is None:

yt_dlp/extractor/vrv.py

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ def _get_cms_resource(self, resource_key, video_id):
                 'resource_key': resource_key,
             })['__links__']['cms_resource']['href']
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _initialize_pre_login(self):
         webpage = self._download_webpage(
             'https://vrv.co/', None, headers=self.geo_verification_headers())
         self._API_PARAMS = self._parse_json(self._search_regex(
@@ -124,16 +124,10 @@ class VRVIE(VRVBaseIE):
     }]
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'vrv'
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        super(VRVIE, self)._real_initialize()
-
-        email, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if email is None:
-            return
-
         token_credentials = self._call_api(
             'authenticate/by:credentials', None, 'Token Credentials', data={
-                'email': email,
+                'email': username,
                 'password': password,
             })
         self._TOKEN = token_credentials['oauth_token']

yt_dlp/extractor/youtube.py

@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
 
     _PLAYLIST_ID_RE = r'(?:(?:PL|LL|EC|UU|FL|RD|UL|TL|PU|OLAK5uy_)[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,}|RDMM|WL|LL|LM)'
 
-    _NETRC_MACHINE = 'youtube'
+    # _NETRC_MACHINE = 'youtube'
 
     # If True it will raise an error if no login info is provided
     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
@@ -334,21 +334,6 @@ class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
         r'(?:www\.)?hpniueoejy4opn7bc4ftgazyqjoeqwlvh2uiku2xqku6zpoa4bf5ruid\.onion',
     )
 
-    def _login(self):
-        """
-        Attempt to log in to YouTube.
-        If _LOGIN_REQUIRED is set and no authentication was provided, an error is raised.
-        """
-
-        if (self._LOGIN_REQUIRED
-                and self.get_param('cookiefile') is None
-                and self.get_param('cookiesfrombrowser') is None):
-            self.raise_login_required(
-                'Login details are needed to download this content', method='cookies')
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
-        if username:
-            self.report_warning(f'Cannot login to YouTube using username and password. {self._LOGIN_HINTS["cookies"]}')
-
     def _initialize_consent(self):
         cookies = self._get_cookies('https://www.youtube.com/')
         if cookies.get('__Secure-3PSID'):
@@ -379,7 +364,10 @@ def _initialize_pref(self):
     def _real_initialize(self):
         self._initialize_pref()
         self._initialize_consent()
-        self._login()
+        if (self._LOGIN_REQUIRED
+                and self.get_param('cookiefile') is None
+                and self.get_param('cookiesfrombrowser') is None):
+            self.raise_login_required('Login details are needed to download this content', method='cookies')
 
     _YT_INITIAL_DATA_RE = r'(?:window\s*\[\s*["\']ytInitialData["\']\s*\]|ytInitialData)\s*=\s*({.+?})\s*;'
     _YT_INITIAL_PLAYER_RESPONSE_RE = r'ytInitialPlayerResponse\s*=\s*({.+?})\s*;'
@@ -3928,6 +3916,7 @@ def _rich_grid_entries(self, contents):
                 if entry:
                     yield entry
     '''
+
     def _extract_entries(self, parent_renderer, continuation_list):
         # continuation_list is modified in-place with continuation_list = [continuation_token]
         continuation_list[:] = [None]

yt_dlp/extractor/zattoo.py

@@ -25,13 +25,11 @@ class ZattooPlatformBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
     def _host_url(self):
         return 'https://%s' % (self._API_HOST if hasattr(self, '_API_HOST') else self._HOST)
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _real_initialize(self):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
+        if not self._power_guide_hash:
-        if not username or not password:
+            self.raise_login_required('An account is needed to access this media', method='password')
-            self.raise_login_required(
-                'A valid %s account is needed to access this media.'
-                % self._NETRC_MACHINE)
 
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
         try:
             data = self._download_json(
                 '%s/zapi/v2/account/login' % self._host_url(), None, 'Logging in',
@@ -52,7 +50,7 @@ def _login(self):
 
         self._power_guide_hash = data['session']['power_guide_hash']
 
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+    def _initialize_pre_login(self):
         webpage = self._download_webpage(
             self._host_url(), None, 'Downloading app token')
         app_token = self._html_search_regex(
@@ -72,8 +70,6 @@ def _real_initialize(self):
                 'format': 'json',
             }))
 
-        self._login()
-
     def _extract_cid(self, video_id, channel_name):
         channel_groups = self._download_json(
             '%s/zapi/v2/cached/channels/%s' % (self._host_url(),

yt_dlp/extractor/zee5.py

@@ -93,32 +93,27 @@ class Zee5IE(InfoExtractor):
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'zee5'
     _GEO_COUNTRIES = ['IN']
 
-    def _login(self):
+    def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        username, password = self._get_login_info()
+        if len(username) == 10 and username.isdigit() and self._USER_TOKEN is None:
-        if username:
+            self.report_login()
-            if len(username) == 10 and username.isdigit() and self._USER_TOKEN is None:
+            otp_request_json = self._download_json('https://b2bapi.zee5.com/device/sendotp_v1.php?phoneno=91{}'.format(username),
-                self.report_login()
+                                                   None, note='Sending OTP')
-                otp_request_json = self._download_json('https://b2bapi.zee5.com/device/sendotp_v1.php?phoneno=91{}'.format(username),
+            if otp_request_json['code'] == 0:
-                                                       None, note='Sending OTP')
+                self.to_screen(otp_request_json['message'])
-                if otp_request_json['code'] == 0:
-                    self.to_screen(otp_request_json['message'])
-                else:
-                    raise ExtractorError(otp_request_json['message'], expected=True)
-                otp_code = self._get_tfa_info('OTP')
-                otp_verify_json = self._download_json('https://b2bapi.zee5.com/device/verifyotp_v1.php?phoneno=91{}&otp={}&guest_token={}&platform=web'.format(username, otp_code, self._DEVICE_ID),
-                                                      None, note='Verifying OTP', fatal=False)
-                if not otp_verify_json:
-                    raise ExtractorError('Unable to verify OTP.', expected=True)
-                self._USER_TOKEN = otp_verify_json.get('token')
-                if not self._USER_TOKEN:
-                    raise ExtractorError(otp_request_json['message'], expected=True)
-            elif username.lower() == 'token' and len(password) > 1198:
-                self._USER_TOKEN = password
             else:
-                raise ExtractorError(self._LOGIN_HINT, expected=True)
+                raise ExtractorError(otp_request_json['message'], expected=True)
-
+            otp_code = self._get_tfa_info('OTP')
-    def _real_initialize(self):
+            otp_verify_json = self._download_json('https://b2bapi.zee5.com/device/verifyotp_v1.php?phoneno=91{}&otp={}&guest_token={}&platform=web'.format(username, otp_code, self._DEVICE_ID),
-        self._login()
+                                                  None, note='Verifying OTP', fatal=False)
+            if not otp_verify_json:
+                raise ExtractorError('Unable to verify OTP.', expected=True)
+            self._USER_TOKEN = otp_verify_json.get('token')
+            if not self._USER_TOKEN:
+                raise ExtractorError(otp_request_json['message'], expected=True)
+        elif username.lower() == 'token' and len(password) > 1198:
+            self._USER_TOKEN = password
+        else:
+            raise ExtractorError(self._LOGIN_HINT, expected=True)
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id, display_id = self._match_valid_url(url).group('id', 'display_id')