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138 lines
6.6 KiB
Markdown
138 lines
6.6 KiB
Markdown
# samples
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In the context of Furnace, a sound sample (usually just referred to as a sample) is a string of numbers that represent sampled PCM audio.
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In Furnace, these samples can be generated by importing a .wav (think of it as an higher quality MP3) file.
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## supported chips
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the following sound chips have sample support:
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- NES/Ricoh 2A03 (with DPCM support and only on channel 5)
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- Sega Genesis/YM2612 (channel 6 only)
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- PC Engine/TurboGrafx-16/HuC6280
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- Amiga/Paula
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- SegaPCM
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- NEC PC-9801/YM2608 (ADPCM channel only)
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- Neo Geo/Neo Geo CD/YM2610 (ADPCM channels only)
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- Seta/Allumer X1-010
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- Atari Lynx
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- MSM6258 and MSM6295
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- YMU759/MA-2 (last channel only)
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- QSound
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- ZX Spectrum 48k (1-bit)
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- RF5C68
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- SNES/S-DSP
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- WonderSwan (second channel only)
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- tildearrow Sound Unit
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- VERA (last channel only)
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- Y8950 (last channel only)
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- Konami K007232
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- Irem GA20
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- Ensoniq OTTO/ES5506
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- Yamaha PCMD8/YMZ280B
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- MMC5 (last channel only)
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- SNES/S-DSP
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## compatible sample mode
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effect `17xx` enables/disables compatible sample mode whether supported (e.g. on Sega Genesis or PC Engine).
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in this mode, samples are mapped to notes in an octave from C to B, allowing you to use up to 12 samples.
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if you need to use more samples, you may change the sample bank using effect `EBxx`.
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use of this mode is discouraged in favor of Sample type instruments.
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## notes
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due to limitations in some of those sound chips, some restrictions exist:
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- Amiga: sample lengths and loop will be set to an even number, and your sample can't be longer than 131070.
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- NES: if on DPCM mode, only a limited selection of frequencies is available, and loop position isn't supported (only entire sample).
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- SegaPCM: your sample can't be longer than 65535, and the maximum frequency is 31.25KHz.
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- QSound: your sample can't be longer than 65535, and the loop length shall not be greater than 32767.
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- Neo Geo (ADPCM-A): no looping supported. your samples will play at 18.518KHz.
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- Neo Geo (ADPCM-B): no loop position supported (only entire sample), and the maximum frequency is 55.555KHz.
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- YM2608: the maximum frequency is 55.555KHz.
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- MSM6258/MSM6295: no arbitrary frequency.
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- ZX Spectrum Beeper: your sample can't be longer than 2048, and it always plays at ~55KHz.
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- Seta/Allumer X1-010: frequency resolution is terrible in the lower end. your sample can't be longer than 131072.
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furthermore, many of these chips have a limited amount of sample memory. check memory usage in window > statistics.
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# the sample editor
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you can actually tweak your samples in Furnace's sample editor, which can be accessed by clicking on `window` (at the top of the screen) then clicking on `sample editor`.
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the changes you make will be applied as soon as you've committed them to your sample, but they can be undone and redone, just like text.
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in there, you can modify certain data pertaining to your sample, such as the:
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- volume of the sample in percentage, where 100% is the current level of the sample (note that you can distort it if you put it too high)
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- the sample rate.
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- what frequencies to filter, along with filter level/sweep and resonance options (much like the C64)
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- and many more.
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- top-left drop-down box: sample slot.
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- **Open**: replaces current sample.
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- **Save**: saves current sample to disk.
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- **Name**: name in sample list.
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- button to left of **Info**: collapses and expands the info bar.
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- **Type**: sample format. only 8-bit and 16-bit PCM samples are editable. selecting a format converts the sample data.
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- **BRR emphasis**: boosts higher frequencies to compensate for the SNES low-pass filter. should not be enabled for BRR-type samples.
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- **Rate**: switches to normal rate values.
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- **Compat Rate**: switches to DefleMask-compatible rate values for sample mapping.
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- **Hz**: base frequency of sample played at `C-4`.
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- **Note**: note corresponding to Hz.
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- **Fine**: fine tuning. ranges from -64 to 63, which maps to -1 to almost +1 semitone.
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- **Loop**: enable or disable sample loop. only on supported chips.
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- **Mode**: direction of loop. backward and ping pong loops are only natively available on some chips; on others, loop will be automatically unrolled as needed.
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- **Start**: start of loop.
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- **End**: end of loop.
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- **Chips:** set assignment to chips and sample banks.
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- sample will only be uploaded to selected chips.
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- columns correspond to chips in use.
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- rows correspond to sample banks.
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- **Edit mode: Select**: cursor selects portion of sample.
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- **Edit mode: Draw**: cursor draws over wave.
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- **Resize**: stretches sample. pops up a dialog to type new length.
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- **Resample**: stretches sample. pops up a dialog box:
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- **Rate**: new sample rate.
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- **0.5x**: halves sample rate.
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- **==**: returns to original sample rate.
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- **2.0x**: doubles sample rate.
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- **Factor**: multiplier of original sample rate.
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- **Filter**: selects interpolation filter for resampling.
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- **Undo**: undoes previous edit.
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- **Redo**: redoes undone edit.
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- **Amplify**: changes amplitude of selection. pops up a dialog to type amount.
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- **Normalize**: adjusts amplitude of selection to maximum without clipping.
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- **Fade in**: ramp amplitude of selection from 0 to original.
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- **Fade in**: ramp amplitude of selection from original to 0.
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- **Insert silence**: inserts silence. pops up a dialog to type length.
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- **Apply silence**: reduces amplitude of selection to 0.
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- **Delete**: removes selection.
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- **Trim**: removes all but selection.
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- **Reverse**: reverses direction of selection.
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- **Invert**: flips selection "vertically".
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- **Signed/unsigned exchange**: reinterprets selection data as being of the opposite sign. if a sample sounds fine elsewhere but is distorted on import, it may have been interpreted as signed when it should be unsigned, or vice versa; this will correct that.
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- **Apply filter**: filters the selection. pops up a dialog box:
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- **From**: filter cutoff frequency at start of selection.
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- **To**: filter cutoff frequency at end of selection.
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- **Resonance**: emphasizes frequencies around filter cutoff.
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- **Power**: number of times resonance is applied.
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- **Low-pass**: amount to attenuate everything above cutoff.
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- **Band-pass**: amount to attenuate everything outside cutoff.
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- **High-pass**: amount to attenuate everything below cutoff.
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- **Preview sample**: plays sample at base frequency.
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- **Stop sample preview**: stops preview.
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- **Create instrument from sample**: creates a new instrument with its initial sample set to the current sample.
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- **Zoom**: shows and sets sample view zoom level.
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- **Zoom mode**: switches between "Auto" (entire sample fits in window) and "100%" (each horizontal pixel represents one sample point).
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