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furnace/doc/7-systems/tia.md
tildearrow af7768d83d only one header per doc file
2023-09-10 19:34:13 -05:00

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# Atari 2600 (TIA)
help me! I can't even get this character in where I want!
I've spent hours debugging the issue, counting every possible cycle and I still cannot get it right!
only 2 channels and 31 frequencies?!
Furnace isn't complete without this one...
## effects
- `10xx`: **select shape.**
- `0`: nothing
- `1`: buzzy
- `2`: low buzzy
- `3`: flangy
- `4`: square
- `5`: square
- `6`: pure buzzy
- `7`: reedy
- `8`: noise
- `9`: reedy
- `A`: pure buzzy
- `B`: nothing
- `C`: low square
- `D`: low square
- `E`: low pure buzzy
- `F`: low reedy
## info
this chip uses the [TIA](../4-instrument/tia.md) instrument editor.
the arp macro's fixed mode operates differently, writing the direct pitch to the chip. here's a list of pitches.
### shape 1
| pitch | NTSC | note | cent | PAL | note | cent
|------:|--------:|:----:|-----:|--------:|:----:|-----:
| 0 | 2096.0 | C-7 | +2 | 2080.0 | C-7 | -1
| 1 | 1048.0 | C-6 | +2 | 1040.0 | C-6 | -1
| 2 | 698.7 | F-5 | 0.0| 693.3 | F-5 | -1
| 3 | 524.0 | C-5 | +2 | 520.0 | C-5 | -1
| 4 | 419.2 | G#4 | +16 | 416.0 | G#4 | +3
| 5 | 349.3 | F-4 | 0.0| 346.7 | F-4 | -13
| 6 | 299.4 | D-4 | +33 | 297.1 | D-4 | +20
| 7 | 262.0 | C-4 | +3 | 260.0 | C-4 | -11
| 8 | 232.9 | A#3 | -2 | 231.1 | A#3 | -15
| 9 | 209.6 | G#3 | +15 | 208.0 | G#3 | +2
| 10 | 190.5 | F#3 | +50 | 189.1 | F#3 | +37
| 11 | 174.7 | F-3 | +1 | 173.3 | F-3 | -13
| 12 | 161.2 | E-3 | -39 | 160.0 | D#3 | +48
| 13 | 149.7 | D-3 | +33 | 148.6 | D-3 | +20
| 14 | 139.7 | C#3 | +13 | 138.7 | C#3 | +1
| 15 | 131.0 | C-3 | +3 | 130.0 | C-3 | -11
| 16 | 123.3 | B-2 | -3 | 122.4 | B-2 | -16
| 17 | 116.4 | A#2 | 0.0| 115.6 | A#2 | -14
| 18 | 110.3 | A-2 | +5 | 109.5 | A-2 | -8
| 19 | 104.8 | G#2 | +16 | 104.0 | G#2 | +3
| 20 | 99.8 | G-2 | +31 | 99.0 | G-2 | +17
| 21 | 95.3 | G-2 | -49 | 94.5 | F#2 | +36
| 22 | 91.1 | F#2 | -27 | 90.4 | F#2 | -40
| 23 | 87.3 | F-2 | 0.0| 86.7 | F-2 | -12
| 24 | 83.8 | E-2 | +29 | 83.2 | E-2 | +16
| 25 | 80.6 | E-2 | -39 | 80.0 | D#2 | +48
| 26 | 77.6 | D#2 | -5 | 77.0 | D#2 | -18
| 27 | 74.9 | D-2 | +34 | 74.3 | D-2 | +20
| 28 | 72.3 | D-2 | -27 | 71.7 | D-2 | -41
| 29 | 69.9 | C#2 | +15 | 69.3 | C#2 | 0
| 30 | 67.6 | C#2 | -44 | 67.1 | C-2 | +44
| 31 | 65.5 | C-2 | +3 | 65.0 | C-2 | -11
### shapes 2 and 3
| pitch | NTSC | note | cent | PAL | note | cent
|------:|--------:|:----:|-----:|--------:|:----:|-----:
| 0 | 67.6 | C#2 | -44 | 67.1 | C-2 | +44
| 1 | 33.8 | C#1 | -42 | 33.5 | C-1 | +42
| 2 | 22.5 | F#0 | -46 | 22.4 | F-0 | +46
| 3 | 16.9 | C#0 | -44 | 16.8 | C-0 | +44
| 4 | 13.5 | | | 13.4
| 5 | 11.3 | | | 11.2
| 6 | 9.7 | | | 9.6
| 7 | 8.5 | | | 8.4
| 8 | 7.5 | | | 7.5
| 9 | 6.8 | | | 6.7
| 10 | 6.1 | | | 6.1
| 11 | 5.6 | | | 5.6
| 12 | 5.2 | | | 5.2
| 13 | 4.8 | | | 4.8
| 14 | 4.5 | | | 4.5
| 15 | 4.2 | | | 4.2
| 16 | 4.0 | | | 4.0
| 17 | 3.8 | | | 3.7
| 18 | 3.6 | | | 3.5
| 19 | 3.4 | | | 3.4
| 20 | 3.2 | | | 3.2
| 21 | 3.1 | | | 3.0
| 22 | 3.0 | | | 2.9
| 23 | 2.8 | | | 2.8
| 24 | 2.7 | | | 2.7
| 25 | 2.6 | | | 2.6
| 26 | 2.5 | | | 2.5
| 27 | 2.4 | | | 2.4
| 28 | 2.3 | | | 2.3
| 29 | 2.3 | | | 2.2
| 30 | 2.2 | | | 2.2
| 31 | 2.1 | | | 2.1
### shapes 4 and 5
| pitch | NTSC | note | cent | PAL | note | cent
|------:|--------:|:----:|-----:|--------:|:----:|-----:
| 0 | 15720.0 | B-9 | -9 | 15600.0 | B-9 | -23
| 1 | 7860.0 | B-8 | -9 | 7800.0 | B-8 | -23
| 2 | 5240.0 | E-8 | -11 | 5200.0 | E-8 | -25
| 3 | 3930.0 | B-7 | -10 | 3900.0 | B-7 | -23
| 4 | 3144.0 | G-7 | +4 | 3120.0 | G-7 | -9
| 5 | 2620.0 | E-7 | -11 | 2600.0 | E-7 | -25
| 6 | 2245.7 | C#7 | +21 | 2228.6 | C#7 | +8
| 7 | 1965.0 | B-6 | -9 | 1950.0 | B-6 | -23
| 8 | 1746.7 | A-6 | -13 | 1733.3 | A-6 | -27
| 9 | 1572.0 | G-6 | +4 | 1560.0 | G-6 | -9
| 10 | 1429.1 | F-6 | +39 | 1418.2 | F-6 | +25
| 11 | 1310.0 | E-6 | -11 | 1300.0 | E-6 | -25
| 12 | 1209.2 | D-6 | +49 | 1200.0 | D-6 | +36
| 13 | 1122.9 | C#6 | +22 | 1114.3 | C#6 | +8
| 14 | 1048.0 | C-6 | +2 | 1040.0 | C-6 | -11
| 15 | 982.5 | B-5 | -10 | 975.0 | B-5 | -23
| 16 | 924.7 | A#5 | -15 | 917.6 | A#5 | -28
| 17 | 873.3 | A-5 | -14 | 866.7 | A-5 | -27
| 18 | 827.4 | G#5 | -7 | 821.1 | G#5 | -20
| 19 | 786.0 | G-5 | +4 | 780.0 | G-5 | -9
| 20 | 748.6 | F#5 | +20 | 742.9 | F#5 | +7
| 21 | 714.5 | F-5 | +39 | 709.1 | F-5 | +26
| 22 | 683.5 | F-5 | -38 | 678.3 | E-5 | +48
| 23 | 655.0 | E-5 | -12 | 650.0 | E-5 | -25
| 24 | 628.8 | D#5 | +18 | 624.0 | D#5 | +5
| 25 | 604.6 | D-5 | +49 | 600.0 | D-5 | +36
| 26 | 582.2 | D-5 | -16 | 577.8 | D-5 | -29
| 27 | 561.4 | C#5 | +21 | 557.1 | C#5 | +8
| 28 | 542.1 | C#5 | -40 | 537.9 | C-5 | +47
| 29 | 524.0 | C-5 | +2 | 520.0 | C-5 | -11
| 30 | 507.1 | B-4 | +45 | 503.2 | B-4 | +32
| 31 | 491.3 | B-4 | -9 | 487.5 | B-4 | -23
### shapes 6, 7, 9 and 10
| pitch | NTSC | note | cent | PAL | note | cent
|------:|--------:|:----:|-----:|--------:|:----:|-----:
| 0 | 1014.2 | B-5 | +45 | 1006.5 | B-5 | +32
| 1 | 507.1 | B-4 | +45 | 503.2 | B-4 | +32
| 2 | 338.1 | E-4 | +43 | 335.5 | E-4 | +30
| 3 | 253.5 | B-3 | +45 | 251.6 | B-3 | +32
| 4 | 202.8 | G#3 | -42 | 201.3 | G-3 | +45
| 5 | 169.0 | E-3 | +43 | 167.7 | E-3 | +30
| 6 | 144.9 | D-3 | -23 | 143.8 | D-3 | -37
| 7 | 126.8 | B-2 | +42 | 125.8 | B-2 | +32
| 8 | 112.7 | A-2 | +42 | 111.8 | A-2 | +28
| 9 | 101.4 | G#2 | -41 | 100.6 | G-2 | +45
| 10 | 92.2 | F#2 | -6 | 91.5 | F#2 | -19
| 11 | 84.5 | E-2 | +43 | 83.9 | E-2 | +31
| 12 | 78.0 | D#2 | +4 | 77.4 | D#2 | -9
| 13 | 72.4 | D-2 | -24 | 71.9 | D-2 | -37
| 14 | 67.6 | C#2 | -44 | 67.1 | C-2 | +44
| 15 | 63.4 | B-1 | +46 | 62.9 | B-1 | +32
| 16 | 59.7 | A#1 | +41 | 59.2 | A#1 | +26
| 17 | 56.3 | A-1 | +39 | 55.9 | A-1 | +27
| 18 | 53.4 | G#1 | +48 | 53.0 | G#1 | +35
| 19 | 50.7 | G#1 | -41 | 50.3 | G-1 | +45
| 20 | 48.3 | G-1 | -25 | 47.9 | G-1 | -39
| 21 | 46.1 | F#1 | -4 | 45.7 | F#1 | -20
| 22 | 44.1 | F-1 | +16 | 43.8 | F-1 | +4
| 23 | 42.3 | E-1 | +44 | 41.9 | E-1 | +28
| 24 | 40.6 | E-1 | -26 | 40.3 | E-1 | -39
| 25 | 39.0 | D#1 | +4 | 38.7 | D#1 | -9
| 26 | 37.6 | D-1 | +41 | 37.3 | D-1 | +27
| 27 | 36.2 | D-1 | -24 | 35.9 | D-1 | -38
| 28 | 35.0 | C#1 | +19 | 34.7 | C#1 | +5
| 29 | 33.8 | C#1 | -42 | 33.5 | C-1 | +42
| 30 | 32.7 | C-1 | 0.0 | 32.5 | C-1 | -11
| 31 | 31.7 | B-0 | +44 | 31.5 | B-0 | +33
### shape 8
| pitch | NTSC | note | cent | PAL | note | cent
|------:|--------:|:----:|-----:|--------:|:----:|-----:
| 0 | 61.5 | B-1 | -6| 61.1 | B-1 | -18
| 1 | 30.8 | B-0 | -6| 30.5 | B-0 | -22
| 2 | 20.5 | E-0 | -8| 20.4 | E-0 | -17
| 3 | 15.4 | | | 15.3
| 4 | 12.3 | | | 12.2
| 5 | 10.3 | | | 10.2
| 6 | 8.8 | | | 8.7
| 7 | 7.7 | | | 7.6
| 8 | 6.8 | | | 6.8
| 9 | 6.2 | | | 6.1
| 10 | 5.6 | | | 5.6
| 11 | 5.1 | | | 5.1
| 12 | 4.7 | | | 4.7
| 13 | 4.4 | | | 4.4
| 14 | 4.1 | | | 4.1
| 15 | 3.8 | | | 3.8
| 16 | 3.6 | | | 3.6
| 17 | 3.4 | | | 3.4
| 18 | 3.2 | | | 3.2
| 19 | 3.1 | | | 3.1
| 20 | 2.9 | | | 2.9
| 21 | 2.8 | | | 2.8
| 22 | 2.7 | | | 2.7
| 23 | 2.6 | | | 2.5
| 24 | 2.5 | | | 2.4
| 25 | 2.4 | | | 2.3
| 26 | 2.3 | | | 2.3
| 27 | 2.2 | | | 2.2
| 28 | 2.1 | | | 2.1
| 29 | 2.0 | | | 2.0
| 30 | 2.0 | | | 2.0
| 31 | 1.9 | | | 1.9
### shapes 12 and 13
| pitch | NTSC | note | cent | PAL | note | cent
|------:|--------:|:----:|-----:|--------:|:----:|-----:
| 0 | 5240.0 | E-8 | -11 | 5200.0 | E-8 | -25
| 1 | 2620.0 | E-7 | -11 | 2600.0 | E-7 | -25
| 2 | 1746.6 | A-6 | -14 | 1733.3 | A-6 | -27
| 3 | 1310.0 | E-6 | -11 | 1300.0 | E-6 | -25
| 4 | 1048.0 | C-6 | +2 | 1040.0 | C-6 | -11
| 5 | 873.3 | A-5 | -14 | 866.7 | A-5 | -27
| 6 | 748.6 | F#5 | +20 | 742.9 | F#5 | +7
| 7 | 655.0 | E-5 | -12 | 650.0 | E-5 | -25
| 8 | 582.2 | D-5 | -16 | 577.8 | D-5 | -29
| 9 | 524.0 | C-5 | +2 | 520.0 | C-5 | -11
| 10 | 476.4 | A#4 | +39 | 472.7 | A#4 | +23
| 11 | 436.7 | A-4 | -13 | 433.3 | A-4 | -27
| 12 | 403.1 | G-4 | +48 | 400.0 | G-4 | +34
| 13 | 374.3 | F#4 | +20 | 371.4 | F#4 | +6
| 14 | 349.3 | F-4 | 0.0 | 346.7 | F-4 | -13
| 15 | 327.5 | E-4 | -11 | 325.0 | E-4 | -25
| 16 | 308.2 | D#4 | -17 | 305.9 | D#4 | -30
| 17 | 291.1 | D-4 | -16 | 288.9 | D-4 | -29
| 18 | 275.8 | C#4 | -9 | 273.7 | C#4 | -22
| 19 | 262.0 | C-4 | +3 | 260.0 | C-4 | -11
| 20 | 249.5 | B-3 | +18 | 247.6 | B-3 | +5
| 21 | 238.2 | A#3 | +37 | 236.4 | A#3 | +24
| 22 | 227.8 | A#3 | -40 | 226.1 | A-3 | +47
| 23 | 218.3 | A-3 | -14 | 216.7 | A-3 | -27
| 24 | 209.6 | G#3 | +15 | 208.0 | G#3 | +2
| 25 | 201.5 | G-3 | +47 | 200.0 | G-3 | +34
| 26 | 194.1 | G-3 | -17 | 192.6 | G-3 | -31
| 27 | 187.1 | F#3 | +19 | 185.7 | F#3 | +6
| 28 | 180.7 | F#3 | -41 | 179.3 | F-3 | +45
| 29 | 174.7 | F-3 | +1 | 173.3 | F-3 | -13
| 30 | 169.0 | E-3 | +43 | 167.7 | E-3 | +30
| 31 | 163.8 | E-3 | -11 | 162.5 | E-3 | -25
### shapes 14 and 15
| pitch | NTSC | note | cent | PAL | note | cent
|------:|--------:|:----:|-----:|--------:|:----:|-----:
| 0 | 338.1 | E-4 | +43 | 335.5 | E-4 | +30
| 1 | 169.0 | E-3 | +43 | 167.7 | E-3 | +30
| 2 | 112.7 | A-2 | +42 | 111.8 | A-2 | +28
| 3 | 84.5 | E-2 | +43 | 83.9 | E-2 | +31
| 4 | 67.6 | C#2 | -44 | 67.1 | C-2 | +44
| 5 | 56.3 | A-1 | +39 | 55.9 | A-1 | +27
| 6 | 48.3 | G-1 | -25 | 47.9 | G-1 | -39
| 7 | 42.3 | E-1 | +44 | 41.9 | E-1 | +28
| 8 | 37.6 | D-1 | +41 | 37.3 | D-1 | +27
| 9 | 33.8 | C#1 | -42 | 33.5 | C-1 | +42
| 10 | 30.7 | B-0 | -11 | 30.5 | B-0 | -22
| 11 | 28.2 | A-0 | +44 | 28.0 | A-0 | +31
| 12 | 26.0 | G#0 | 0.0 | 25.8 | G#0 | -13
| 13 | 24.1 | G-0 | -29 | 24.0 | G-0 | -36
| 14 | 22.5 | F#0 | -46 | 22.4 | F-0 | +46
| 15 | 21.1 | E-0 | +42 | 21.0 | E-0 | +33
| 16 | 19.9 | D#0 | +42 | 19.7 | D#0 | +25
| 17 | 18.8 | D-0 | +40 | 18.6 | D-0 | +20
| 18 | 17.8 | C#0 | +45 | 17.7 | C#0 | +36
| 19 | 16.9 | C#0 | -44 | 16.8 | C-0 | +44
| 20 | 16.1 | C-0 | -30 | 16.0 | C-0 | -40
| 21 | 15.4 | | | 15.2
| 22 | 14.7 | | | 14.6
| 23 | 14.1 | | | 14
| 24 | 13.5 | | | 13.4
| 25 | 13.0 | | | 12.9
| 26 | 12.5 | | | 12.4
| 27 | 12.1 | | | 12
| 28 | 11.7 | | | 11.6
| 29 | 11.3 | | | 11.2
| 30 | 10.9 | | | 10.8
| 31 | 10.6 | | | 10.5
reference: [Atari 2600 VCS Sound Frequency and Waveform Guide](http://7800.8bitdev.org/index.php/Atari_2600_VCS_Sound_Frequency_and_Waveform_Guide)
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