diff --git a/src/engine/dispatch.h b/src/engine/dispatch.h
index acb7af66..767db912 100644
--- a/src/engine/dispatch.h
+++ b/src/engine/dispatch.h
@@ -295,6 +295,8 @@ struct DivRegWrite {
    */
   unsigned int addr;
   unsigned int val;
+  DivRegWrite():
+    addr(0), val(0) {}
   DivRegWrite(unsigned int a, unsigned int v):
     addr(a), val(v) {}
 };
diff --git a/src/engine/fixedQueue.h b/src/engine/fixedQueue.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ad43f160
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/engine/fixedQueue.h
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+/**
+ * Furnace Tracker - multi-system chiptune tracker
+ * Copyright (C) 2021-2023 tildearrow and contributors
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+ * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+ * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _FIXED_QUEUE_H
+#define _FIXED_QUEUE_H
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include "../ta-log.h"
+
+template<typename T, size_t items> struct FixedQueue {
+  size_t readPos, writePos;
+  T data[items];
+
+  T& front();
+  T& back();
+  bool pop();
+  bool push(const T& item);
+
+  bool pop_front();
+  bool pop_back();
+  bool push_front(const T& item);
+  bool push_back(const T& item);
+  void clear();
+  bool empty();
+  size_t size();
+  FixedQueue():
+    readPos(0),
+    writePos(0) {}
+};
+
+template <typename T, size_t items> T& FixedQueue<T,items>::front() {
+  return data[readPos];
+}
+
+template <typename T, size_t items> T& FixedQueue<T,items>::back() {
+  if (writePos==0) return data[items-1];
+  return data[writePos-1];
+}
+
+template <typename T, size_t items> bool FixedQueue<T,items>::pop() {
+  if (readPos==writePos) return false;
+  if (++readPos>=items) readPos=0;
+  return true;
+}
+
+template <typename T, size_t items> bool FixedQueue<T,items>::push(const T& item) {
+  if (writePos==(readPos-1)) {
+    logW("queue overflow!");
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (writePos==items-1 && readPos==0) {
+    logW("queue overflow!");
+    return false;
+  }
+  data[writePos]=item;
+  if (++writePos>=items) writePos=0;
+  return true;
+}
+
+template <typename T, size_t items> bool FixedQueue<T,items>::pop_front() {
+  if (readPos==writePos) return false;
+  if (++readPos>=items) readPos=0;
+  return true;
+}
+
+template <typename T, size_t items> bool FixedQueue<T,items>::push_back(const T& item) {
+  if (writePos==(readPos-1)) {
+    logW("queue overflow!");
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (writePos==items-1 && readPos==0) {
+    logW("queue overflow!");
+    return false;
+  }
+  data[writePos]=item;
+  if (++writePos>=items) writePos=0;
+  return true;
+}
+
+template <typename T, size_t items> bool FixedQueue<T,items>::pop_back() {
+  if (readPos==writePos) return false;
+  if (writePos>0) {
+    writePos--;
+  } else {
+    writePos=items-1;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+template <typename T, size_t items> bool FixedQueue<T,items>::push_front(const T& item) {
+  if (readPos==(writePos+1)) {
+    logW("stack overflow!");
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (readPos==0 && writePos==items-1) {
+    logW("stack overflow!");
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (readPos>0) {
+    readPos--;
+  } else {
+    readPos=items-1;
+  }
+  data[readPos]=item;
+  return true;
+}
+
+template <typename T, size_t items> void FixedQueue<T,items>::clear() {
+  readPos=0;
+  writePos=0;
+}
+
+template <typename T, size_t items> bool FixedQueue<T,items>::empty() {
+  return (readPos==writePos);
+}
+
+template <typename T, size_t items> size_t FixedQueue<T,items>::size() {
+  if (readPos>writePos) {
+    return items+writePos-readPos;
+  }
+  return writePos-readPos;
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/amiga.h b/src/engine/platform/amiga.h
index 1c793296..a05a5994 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/amiga.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/amiga.h
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 #define _AMIGA_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
 #include "../waveSynth.h"
 
 class DivPlatformAmiga: public DivDispatch {
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/arcade.cpp b/src/engine/platform/arcade.cpp
index 0e38bf96..20110b9d 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/arcade.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/arcade.cpp
@@ -878,7 +878,7 @@ void DivPlatformArcade::poke(std::vector<DivRegWrite>& wlist) {
 }
 
 void DivPlatformArcade::reset() {
-  while (!writes.empty()) writes.pop_front();
+  writes.clear();
   memset(regPool,0,256);
   if (useYMFM) {
     fm_ymfm->reset();
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/arcade.h b/src/engine/platform/arcade.h
index edcdd8d1..b5720f19 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/arcade.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/arcade.h
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 #ifndef _ARCADE_H
 #define _ARCADE_H
 #include "fmshared_OPM.h"
-#include <queue>
 #include "../../../extern/opm/opm.h"
 #include "sound/ymfm/ymfm_opm.h"
 
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/ay.cpp b/src/engine/platform/ay.cpp
index c32a4ee2..5d9a5593 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/ay.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/ay.cpp
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 #include <math.h>
 
 #define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {pendingWrites[a]=v;}
-#define immWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(regRemap(a),v); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(regRemap(a),v);} }
+#define immWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(regRemap(a),v)); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(regRemap(a),v);} }
 
 #define CHIP_DIVIDER (extMode?extDiv:((sunsoft||clockSel)?16:8))
 
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/ay.h b/src/engine/platform/ay.h
index 04e3aed1..999db1e5 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/ay.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/ay.h
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 #ifndef _AY_H
 #define _AY_H
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 #include "sound/ay8910.h"
 
 class DivPlatformAY8910: public DivDispatch {
@@ -89,9 +89,10 @@ class DivPlatformAY8910: public DivDispatch {
       unsigned short addr;
       unsigned char val;
       bool addrOrVal;
+      QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0), addrOrVal(false) {}
       QueuedWrite(unsigned short a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v), addrOrVal(false) {}
     };
-    std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+    FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,128> writes;
     ay8910_device* ay;
     DivDispatchOscBuffer* oscBuf[3];
     unsigned char regPool[16];
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/ay8930.cpp b/src/engine/platform/ay8930.cpp
index 8561548d..10421942 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/ay8930.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/ay8930.cpp
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 #include <math.h>
 
 #define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {pendingWrites[a]=v;}
-#define immWrite2(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
+#define immWrite2(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
 
 #define CHIP_DIVIDER (clockSel?8:4)
 
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/ay8930.h b/src/engine/platform/ay8930.h
index 3b47cf0d..113aed91 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/ay8930.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/ay8930.h
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 #ifndef _AY8930_H
 #define _AY8930_H
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 #include "sound/ay8910.h"
 
 class DivPlatformAY8930: public DivDispatch {
@@ -99,9 +99,10 @@ class DivPlatformAY8930: public DivDispatch {
       unsigned short addr;
       unsigned char val;
       bool addrOrVal;
+      QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0), addrOrVal(false) {}
       QueuedWrite(unsigned short a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v), addrOrVal(false) {}
     };
-    std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+    FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,128> writes;
     ay8930_device* ay;
     DivDispatchOscBuffer* oscBuf[3];
     unsigned char regPool[32];
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/bubsyswsg.h b/src/engine/platform/bubsyswsg.h
index 784396bf..c3891bf6 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/bubsyswsg.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/bubsyswsg.h
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 #define _K005289_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
 #include "../waveSynth.h"
 #include "vgsound_emu/src/k005289/k005289.hpp"
 
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/c64.cpp b/src/engine/platform/c64.cpp
index 5c1521ab..6ca85ffe 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/c64.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/c64.cpp
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #include <math.h>
 #include "../../ta-log.h"
 
-#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
+#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
 
 #define CHIP_FREQBASE 524288
 
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/c64.h b/src/engine/platform/c64.h
index 5f67b956..0da59fc8 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/c64.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/c64.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #define _C64_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 #include "sound/c64/sid.h"
 #include "sound/c64_fp/SID.h"
 #include "sound/c64_d/dsid.h"
@@ -62,9 +62,10 @@ class DivPlatformC64: public DivDispatch {
   struct QueuedWrite {
       unsigned char addr;
       unsigned char val;
+      QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0) {}
       QueuedWrite(unsigned char a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
   };
-  std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+  FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,128> writes;
 
   unsigned char filtControl, filtRes, vol;
   unsigned char writeOscBuf;
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/es5506.cpp b/src/engine/platform/es5506.cpp
index f388e860..adb342f3 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/es5506.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/es5506.cpp
@@ -26,9 +26,8 @@
 #define PITCH_OFFSET ((double)(16*2048*(chanMax+1)))
 #define NOTE_ES5506(c,note) (parent->calcBaseFreq(chipClock,chan[c].pcm.freqOffs,note,false))
 
-#define rWrite(a,...) {if(!skipRegisterWrites) {hostIntf32.emplace(4,(a),__VA_ARGS__); }}
-//#define rRead(a,st,...) {hostIntf32.emplace(st,4,(a),__VA_ARGS__);}
-#define immWrite(a,...) {hostIntf32.emplace(4,(a),__VA_ARGS__);}
+#define rWrite(a,...) {if(!skipRegisterWrites) {hostIntf32.push_back(QueuedHostIntf(4,(a),__VA_ARGS__)); }}
+#define immWrite(a,...) {hostIntf32.push_back(QueuedHostIntf(4,(a),__VA_ARGS__));}
 #define pageWrite(p,a,...) \
   if (!skipRegisterWrites) { \
     if (curPage!=(p)) { \
@@ -118,15 +117,15 @@ void DivPlatformES5506::acquire(short** buf, size_t len) {
     while (!hostIntf32.empty()) {
       QueuedHostIntf w=hostIntf32.front();
       if (w.isRead && (w.read!=NULL)) {
-        hostIntf8.emplace(w.state,0,w.addr,w.read,w.mask);
-        hostIntf8.emplace(w.state,1,w.addr,w.read,w.mask);
-        hostIntf8.emplace(w.state,2,w.addr,w.read,w.mask);
-        hostIntf8.emplace(w.state,3,w.addr,w.read,w.mask,w.delay);
+        hostIntf8.push(QueuedHostIntf(w.state,0,w.addr,w.read,w.mask));
+        hostIntf8.push(QueuedHostIntf(w.state,1,w.addr,w.read,w.mask));
+        hostIntf8.push(QueuedHostIntf(w.state,2,w.addr,w.read,w.mask));
+        hostIntf8.push(QueuedHostIntf(w.state,3,w.addr,w.read,w.mask,w.delay));
       } else {
-        hostIntf8.emplace(0,w.addr,w.val,w.mask);
-        hostIntf8.emplace(1,w.addr,w.val,w.mask);
-        hostIntf8.emplace(2,w.addr,w.val,w.mask);
-        hostIntf8.emplace(3,w.addr,w.val,w.mask,w.delay);
+        hostIntf8.push(QueuedHostIntf(0,w.addr,w.val,w.mask));
+        hostIntf8.push(QueuedHostIntf(1,w.addr,w.val,w.mask));
+        hostIntf8.push(QueuedHostIntf(2,w.addr,w.val,w.mask));
+        hostIntf8.push(QueuedHostIntf(3,w.addr,w.val,w.mask,w.delay));
       }
       hostIntf32.pop();
     }
@@ -1095,8 +1094,6 @@ DivMacroInt* DivPlatformES5506::getChanMacroInt(int ch) {
 void DivPlatformES5506::reset() {
   while (!hostIntf32.empty()) hostIntf32.pop();
   while (!hostIntf8.empty()) hostIntf8.pop();
-  while (!queuedRead.empty()) queuedRead.pop();
-  while (!queuedReadState.empty()) queuedReadState.pop();
   for (int i=0; i<32; i++) {
     chan[i]=DivPlatformES5506::Channel();
     chan[i].std.setEngine(parent);
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/es5506.h b/src/engine/platform/es5506.h
index 1502d03e..b7658c52 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/es5506.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/es5506.h
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
 #include "../engine.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 #include "../macroInt.h"
 #include "../sample.h"
 #include "vgsound_emu/src/es550x/es5506.hpp"
@@ -238,6 +238,15 @@ class DivPlatformES5506: public DivDispatch, public es550x_intf {
       unsigned int* read;
       unsigned short delay;
       bool isRead;
+      QueuedHostIntf():
+        state(0),
+        step(0),
+        addr(0),
+        val(0),
+        mask(0),
+        read(NULL),
+        delay(0),
+        isRead(false) {}
       QueuedHostIntf(unsigned char s, unsigned char a, unsigned int v, unsigned int m=(unsigned int)(~0), unsigned short d=0):
         state(0),
         step(s),
@@ -257,17 +266,8 @@ class DivPlatformES5506: public DivDispatch, public es550x_intf {
         delay(d),
         isRead(true) {}
   };
-  struct QueuedReadState {
-      unsigned int* read;
-      unsigned char state;
-      QueuedReadState(unsigned int* r, unsigned char s):
-        read(r),
-        state(s) {}
-  };
-  std::queue<QueuedHostIntf> hostIntf32;
-  std::queue<QueuedHostIntf> hostIntf8;
-  std::queue<unsigned char> queuedRead;
-  std::queue<QueuedReadState> queuedReadState;
+  FixedQueue<QueuedHostIntf,2048> hostIntf32;
+  FixedQueue<QueuedHostIntf,2048> hostIntf8;
   int cycle, curPage, volScale;
   unsigned char maskedVal;
   unsigned int irqv;
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/fmsharedbase.h b/src/engine/platform/fmsharedbase.h
index b59b419d..c0fb7dd2 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/fmsharedbase.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/fmsharedbase.h
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
 #include "../instrument.h"
-#include <deque>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 
 #define KVS(x,y) ((chan[x].state.op[y].kvs==2 && isOutput[chan[x].state.alg][y]) || chan[x].state.op[y].kvs==1)
 
@@ -79,9 +79,10 @@ class DivPlatformFMBase: public DivDispatch {
       unsigned short addr;
       unsigned char val;
       bool addrOrVal;
+      QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0), addrOrVal(false) {}
       QueuedWrite(unsigned short a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v), addrOrVal(false) {}
     };
-    std::deque<QueuedWrite> writes;
+    FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,2048> writes;
 
     unsigned char lastBusy;
     int delay;
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/ga20.cpp b/src/engine/platform/ga20.cpp
index 7794d61a..901927dd 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/ga20.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/ga20.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 #include "../../ta-log.h"
 #include <math.h>
 
-#define rWrite(a,v) {if(!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v); if(dumpWrites) addWrite(a,v);}}
+#define rWrite(a,v) {if(!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); if(dumpWrites) addWrite(a,v);}}
 
 #define CHIP_DIVIDER 64
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ void DivPlatformGA20::acquire(short** buf, size_t len) {
         ga20.write(w.addr,w.val);
         regPool[w.addr]=w.val;
         writes.pop();
-        delay=w.delay;
+        delay=1;
       }
     }
     short *buffer[4]={
@@ -361,9 +361,7 @@ DivDispatchOscBuffer* DivPlatformGA20::getOscBuffer(int ch) {
 }
 
 void DivPlatformGA20::reset() {
-  while (!writes.empty()) {
-    writes.pop();
-  }
+  writes.clear();
   memset(regPool,0,32);
   ga20.device_reset();
   delay=0;
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/ga20.h b/src/engine/platform/ga20.h
index 1e06378f..691b68f0 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/ga20.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/ga20.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #define _GA20_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 #include "../macroInt.h"
 #include "sound/ga20/iremga20.h"
 
@@ -47,15 +47,14 @@ class DivPlatformGA20: public DivDispatch, public iremga20_intf {
   DivDispatchOscBuffer* oscBuf[4];
   bool isMuted[4];
   struct QueuedWrite {
-    unsigned short addr;
+    unsigned char addr;
     unsigned char val;
-    unsigned short delay;
-    QueuedWrite(unsigned short a, unsigned char v, unsigned short d=1):
+    QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0) {}
+    QueuedWrite(unsigned char a, unsigned char v):
       addr(a),
-      val(v),
-      delay(d) {}
+      val(v) {}
   };
-  std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+  FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,256> writes;
   unsigned int sampleOffGA20[256];
   bool sampleLoaded[256];
 
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/gb.cpp b/src/engine/platform/gb.cpp
index a475b7da..8d61b334 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/gb.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/gb.cpp
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@
 #include "../../ta-log.h"
 #include <math.h>
 
-#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v); regPool[(a)&0x7f]=v; if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
-#define immWrite(a,v) {writes.emplace(a,v); regPool[(a)&0x7f]=v; if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
+#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); regPool[(a)&0x7f]=v; if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
+#define immWrite(a,v) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); regPool[(a)&0x7f]=v; if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
 
 #define CHIP_DIVIDER 16
 
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/gb.h b/src/engine/platform/gb.h
index 8ba70a91..e68a94f8 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/gb.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/gb.h
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #include "../dispatch.h"
 #include "../waveSynth.h"
 #include "sound/gb/gb.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 
 class DivPlatformGB: public DivDispatch {
   struct Channel: public SharedChannel<signed char> {
@@ -62,11 +62,12 @@ class DivPlatformGB: public DivDispatch {
   unsigned char lastPan;
   DivWaveSynth ws;
   struct QueuedWrite {
-      unsigned char addr;
-      unsigned char val;
-      QueuedWrite(unsigned char a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
+    unsigned char addr;
+    unsigned char val;
+    QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0) {}
+    QueuedWrite(unsigned char a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
   };
-  std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+  FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,256> writes;
 
   int antiClickPeriodCount, antiClickWavePos;
 
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/genesis.cpp b/src/engine/platform/genesis.cpp
index fcd96972..20e87d61 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/genesis.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/genesis.cpp
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ void DivPlatformGenesis::acquire(short** buf, size_t len) {
 }
 
 void DivPlatformGenesis::fillStream(std::vector<DivDelayedWrite>& stream, int sRate, size_t len) {
-  while (!writes.empty()) writes.pop_front();
+  writes.clear();
   for (size_t i=0; i<len; i++) {
     processDAC(sRate);
 
@@ -1282,7 +1282,7 @@ float DivPlatformGenesis::getPostAmp() {
 }
 
 void DivPlatformGenesis::reset() {
-  while (!writes.empty()) writes.pop_front();
+  writes.clear();
   memset(regPool,0,512);
   if (useYMFM) {
     fm_ymfm->reset();
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/k007232.cpp b/src/engine/platform/k007232.cpp
index bb0bf7a9..d1037988 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/k007232.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/k007232.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 #include "../../ta-log.h"
 #include <math.h>
 
-#define rWrite(a,v) {if(!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v); if(dumpWrites) addWrite(a,v);}}
+#define rWrite(a,v) {if(!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); if(dumpWrites) addWrite(a,v);}}
 
 #define CHIP_DIVIDER 64
 
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/k007232.h b/src/engine/platform/k007232.h
index 842310da..b1025f57 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/k007232.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/k007232.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #define _K007232_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 #include "../macroInt.h"
 #include "vgsound_emu/src/k007232/k007232.hpp"
 
@@ -57,12 +57,13 @@ class DivPlatformK007232: public DivDispatch, public k007232_intf {
     unsigned short addr;
     unsigned char val;
     unsigned short delay;
+    QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0), delay(1) {}
     QueuedWrite(unsigned short a, unsigned char v, unsigned short d=1):
       addr(a),
       val(v),
       delay(d) {}
   };
-  std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+  FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,256> writes;
   unsigned int sampleOffK007232[256];
   bool sampleLoaded[256];
 
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/msm5232.cpp b/src/engine/platform/msm5232.cpp
index 55df6128..4a810728 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/msm5232.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/msm5232.cpp
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #include <math.h>
 
 //#define rWrite(a,v) pendingWrites[a]=v;
-#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
+#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
 
 #define NOTE_LINEAR(x) ((x)<<7)
 
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/msm5232.h b/src/engine/platform/msm5232.h
index b1d83cf0..abdb72f0 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/msm5232.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/msm5232.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #define _MSM5232_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 #include "sound/oki/msm5232.h"
 
 class DivPlatformMSM5232: public DivDispatch {
@@ -46,11 +46,12 @@ class DivPlatformMSM5232: public DivDispatch {
   unsigned char groupAR[2];
   unsigned char groupDR[2];
   struct QueuedWrite {
-      unsigned char addr;
-      unsigned char val;
-      QueuedWrite(unsigned char a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
+    unsigned char addr;
+    unsigned char val;
+    QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0) {}
+    QueuedWrite(unsigned char a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
   };
-  std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+  FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,256> writes;
 
   int cycles, curChan, delay, detune, clockDriftAccum;
   unsigned int clockDriftLFOPos, clockDriftLFOSpeed;
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/msm6258.cpp b/src/engine/platform/msm6258.cpp
index 31002a9c..7f4d2e63 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/msm6258.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/msm6258.cpp
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include <math.h>
 
-#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
+#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
 
 const char** DivPlatformMSM6258::getRegisterSheet() {
   return NULL;
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/msm6258.h b/src/engine/platform/msm6258.h
index 0c19d976..2c18d90c 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/msm6258.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/msm6258.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #define _MSM6258_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 #include "sound/oki/okim6258.h"
 
 class DivPlatformMSM6258: public DivDispatch {
@@ -42,9 +42,10 @@ class DivPlatformMSM6258: public DivDispatch {
     struct QueuedWrite {
       unsigned short addr;
       unsigned char val;
+      QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0) {}
       QueuedWrite(unsigned short a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
     };
-    std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+    FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,256> writes;
     okim6258_device* msm;
     unsigned char lastBusy;
 
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/msm6295.cpp b/src/engine/platform/msm6295.cpp
index 2aff0006..3d823d16 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/msm6295.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/msm6295.cpp
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include <math.h>
 
-#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
-#define rWriteDelay(a,v,d) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v,d); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
+#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
+#define rWriteDelay(a,v,d) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v,d)); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
 
 const char** DivPlatformMSM6295::getRegisterSheet() {
   return NULL;
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/msm6295.h b/src/engine/platform/msm6295.h
index df140693..dfa59a0c 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/msm6295.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/msm6295.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #define _MSM6295_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 #include "vgsound_emu/src/msm6295/msm6295.hpp"
 
 class DivPlatformMSM6295: public DivDispatch, public vgsound_emu_mem_intf {
@@ -41,12 +41,13 @@ class DivPlatformMSM6295: public DivDispatch, public vgsound_emu_mem_intf {
       unsigned short addr;
       unsigned char val;
       unsigned short delay;
+      QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0), delay(96) {}
       QueuedWrite(unsigned short a, unsigned char v, unsigned short d=96):
         addr(a),
         val(v),
         delay(d) {}
     };
-    std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+    FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,256> writes;
     msm6295_core msm;
     unsigned char lastBusy;
 
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/n163.cpp b/src/engine/platform/n163.cpp
index 1063349d..7e10a01e 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/n163.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/n163.cpp
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@
 #include <math.h>
 
 #define rRead(a,v) n163.addr_w(a); n163.data_r(v);
-#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
-#define rWriteMask(a,v,m) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v,m); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
+#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
+#define rWriteMask(a,v,m) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v,m)); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
 #define chWrite(c,a,v) \
   if (c<=chanMax) { \
     rWrite(0x78-(c<<3)+(a&7),v) \
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/n163.h b/src/engine/platform/n163.h
index 49c0ff05..0c5e5913 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/n163.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/n163.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #define _N163_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 #include "../waveSynth.h"
 #include "vgsound_emu/src/n163/n163.hpp"
 
@@ -54,12 +54,13 @@ class DivPlatformN163: public DivDispatch {
   DivDispatchOscBuffer* oscBuf[8];
   bool isMuted[8];
   struct QueuedWrite {
-      unsigned char addr;
-      unsigned char val;
-      unsigned char mask;
-      QueuedWrite(unsigned char a, unsigned char v, unsigned char m=~0): addr(a), val(v), mask(m) {}
+    unsigned char addr;
+    unsigned char val;
+    unsigned char mask;
+    QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0), mask(~0) {}
+    QueuedWrite(unsigned char a, unsigned char v, unsigned char m=~0): addr(a), val(v), mask(m) {}
   };
-  std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+  FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,2048> writes;
   unsigned char initChanMax;
   unsigned char chanMax;
   short loadWave, loadPos, loadLen;
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/namcowsg.cpp b/src/engine/platform/namcowsg.cpp
index 088f1e63..5b804b23 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/namcowsg.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/namcowsg.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 #include <math.h>
 
 //#define rWrite(a,v) pendingWrites[a]=v;
-#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
+#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
 
 #define CHIP_FREQBASE 4194304
 
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/namcowsg.h b/src/engine/platform/namcowsg.h
index 9d418a9d..6aaef095 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/namcowsg.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/namcowsg.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #define _NAMCOWSG_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 #include "../waveSynth.h"
 #include "sound/namco.h"
 
@@ -41,11 +41,12 @@ class DivPlatformNamcoWSG: public DivDispatch {
   DivDispatchOscBuffer* oscBuf[8];
   bool isMuted[8];
   struct QueuedWrite {
-      unsigned short addr;
-      unsigned char val;
-      QueuedWrite(unsigned short a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
+    unsigned short addr;
+    unsigned char val;
+    QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0) {}
+    QueuedWrite(unsigned short a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
   };
-  std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+  FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,256> writes;
 
   namco_audio_device* namco;
   int devType, chans;
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/opl.cpp b/src/engine/platform/opl.cpp
index d340aa31..3578dbd9 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/opl.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/opl.cpp
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 #include <math.h>
 
 #define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {pendingWrites[a]=v;}
-#define immWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
+#define immWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
 
 #define KVSL(x,y) ((chan[x].state.op[orderedOpsL1[ops==4][y]].kvs==2 && isOutputL[ops==4][chan[x].state.alg][y]) || chan[x].state.op[orderedOpsL1[ops==4][y]].kvs==1)
 
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/opl.h b/src/engine/platform/opl.h
index aae0e800..f4881c29 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/opl.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/opl.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #define _OPL_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 #include "../../../extern/opl/opl3.h"
 #include "sound/ymfm/ymfm_adpcm.h"
 
@@ -64,9 +64,10 @@ class DivPlatformOPL: public DivDispatch {
       unsigned short addr;
       unsigned char val;
       bool addrOrVal;
+      QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0), addrOrVal(false) {}
       QueuedWrite(unsigned short a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v), addrOrVal(false) {}
     };
-    std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+    FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,2048> writes;
     opl3_chip fm;
     unsigned char* adpcmBMem;
     size_t adpcmBMemLen;
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/opll.cpp b/src/engine/platform/opll.cpp
index 38b892e8..d081fabc 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/opll.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/opll.cpp
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 #include <math.h>
 
 #define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {pendingWrites[a]=v;}
-#define immWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
+#define immWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
 
 #define CHIP_FREQBASE 1180068
 
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/opll.h b/src/engine/platform/opll.h
index 4e72936d..7333f729 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/opll.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/opll.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #define _OPLL_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 
 extern "C" {
 #include "../../../extern/Nuked-OPLL/opll.h"
@@ -50,9 +50,10 @@ class DivPlatformOPLL: public DivDispatch {
       unsigned short addr;
       unsigned char val;
       bool addrOrVal;
+      QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0), addrOrVal(false) {}
       QueuedWrite(unsigned short a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v), addrOrVal(false) {}
     };
-    std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+    FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,512> writes;
     opll_t fm;
     int delay, lastCustomMemory;
     unsigned char lastBusy;
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/pce.cpp b/src/engine/platform/pce.cpp
index 47e5bbcd..b6f43e2d 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/pce.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/pce.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 #include <math.h>
 
 //#define rWrite(a,v) pendingWrites[a]=v;
-#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
+#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
 #define chWrite(c,a,v) \
   if (!skipRegisterWrites) { \
     if (curChan!=c) { \
@@ -531,7 +531,7 @@ int DivPlatformPCE::getRegisterPoolSize() {
 }
 
 void DivPlatformPCE::reset() {
-  while (!writes.empty()) writes.pop();
+  writes.clear();
   memset(regPool,0,128);
   for (int i=0; i<6; i++) {
     chan[i]=DivPlatformPCE::Channel();
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/pce.h b/src/engine/platform/pce.h
index 9b8c610c..baca7770 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/pce.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/pce.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #define _PCE_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 #include "../waveSynth.h"
 #include "sound/pce_psg.h"
 
@@ -60,11 +60,12 @@ class DivPlatformPCE: public DivDispatch {
   bool antiClickEnabled;
   bool updateLFO;
   struct QueuedWrite {
-      unsigned char addr;
-      unsigned char val;
-      QueuedWrite(unsigned char a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
+    unsigned char addr;
+    unsigned char val;
+    QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(9) {}
+    QueuedWrite(unsigned char a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
   };
-  std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+  FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,512> writes;
   unsigned char lastPan;
 
   int cycles, curChan, delay;
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/pcmdac.h b/src/engine/platform/pcmdac.h
index f9435e3e..8ef10149 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/pcmdac.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/pcmdac.h
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 #define _PCM_DAC_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
 #include "../waveSynth.h"
 
 class DivPlatformPCMDAC: public DivDispatch {
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/pcspkr.h b/src/engine/platform/pcspkr.h
index 23b3c0b4..0437a90c 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/pcspkr.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/pcspkr.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #define _PCSPKR_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 #include <thread>
 #include <mutex>
 #include <condition_variable>
@@ -40,12 +40,16 @@ class DivPlatformPCSpeaker: public DivDispatch {
   struct RealQueueVal {
     int tv_sec, tv_nsec;
     unsigned short val;
+    RealQueueVal():
+      tv_sec(0),
+      tv_nsec(0),
+      val(0) {}
     RealQueueVal(int sec, int nsec, unsigned short v):
       tv_sec(sec),
       tv_nsec(nsec),
       val(v) {}
   };
-  std::queue<RealQueueVal> realQueue;
+  FixedQueue<RealQueueVal,2048> realQueue;
   std::mutex realQueueLock;
   bool isMuted[1];
   bool on, flip, lastOn, realOutEnabled;
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/pokey.cpp b/src/engine/platform/pokey.cpp
index 790346e1..08b6da9f 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/pokey.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/pokey.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #include "../engine.h"
 #include "../../ta-log.h"
 
-#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
+#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
 
 #define CHIP_DIVIDER 1
 
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/pokey.h b/src/engine/platform/pokey.h
index b5087517..979f6075 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/pokey.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/pokey.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #define _POKEY_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 
 extern "C" {
 #include "sound/pokey/mzpokeysnd.h"
@@ -43,11 +43,12 @@ class DivPlatformPOKEY: public DivDispatch {
   DivDispatchOscBuffer* oscBuf[4];
   bool isMuted[4];
   struct QueuedWrite {
-      unsigned char addr;
-      unsigned char val;
-      QueuedWrite(unsigned char a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
+    unsigned char addr;
+    unsigned char val;
+    QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0) {}
+    QueuedWrite(unsigned char a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
   };
-  std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+  FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,128> writes;
   unsigned char audctl, skctl;
   bool audctlChanged, skctlChanged;
   unsigned char oscBufDelay;
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/pv1000.h b/src/engine/platform/pv1000.h
index 852bf120..740f16c4 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/pv1000.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/pv1000.h
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
 #include "sound/d65modified.h"
-#include <queue>
 
 class DivPlatformPV1000: public DivDispatch {
   struct Channel: public SharedChannel<int> {
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/qsound.h b/src/engine/platform/qsound.h
index 9c090f19..aff53f67 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/qsound.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/qsound.h
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 #define _QSOUND_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
 #include "sound/qsound.h"
 
 class DivPlatformQSound: public DivDispatch {
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/rf5c68.h b/src/engine/platform/rf5c68.h
index 94ced515..4ba40318 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/rf5c68.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/rf5c68.h
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 #define _RF5C68_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
 #include "sound/rf5c68.h"
 
 class DivPlatformRF5C68: public DivDispatch {
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/saa.cpp b/src/engine/platform/saa.cpp
index 7682d318..803a6cad 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/saa.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/saa.cpp
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include <math.h>
 
-#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
+#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
 
 #define CHIP_DIVIDER 2
 
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/saa.h b/src/engine/platform/saa.h
index 43e3cc87..ffd79db7 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/saa.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/saa.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #define _SAA_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 #include "../../../extern/SAASound/src/SAASound.h"
 
 class DivPlatformSAA1099: public DivDispatch {
@@ -44,9 +44,10 @@ class DivPlatformSAA1099: public DivDispatch {
       unsigned short addr;
       unsigned char val;
       bool addrOrVal;
+      QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0), addrOrVal(false) {}
       QueuedWrite(unsigned short a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v), addrOrVal(false) {}
     };
-    std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+    FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,256> writes;
     CSAASound* saa_saaSound;
     unsigned char regPool[32];
     unsigned char lastBusy;
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/scc.h b/src/engine/platform/scc.h
index b8b892af..f075753a 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/scc.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/scc.h
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 #define _SCC_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
 #include "../waveSynth.h"
 #include "vgsound_emu/src/scc/scc.hpp"
 
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/segapcm.cpp b/src/engine/platform/segapcm.cpp
index 20032a1b..b9af8a91 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/segapcm.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/segapcm.cpp
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include <math.h>
 
-#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
+#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
 #define chWrite(c,a,v) rWrite(((c)<<3)+(a),v)
 
 void DivPlatformSegaPCM::acquire(short** buf, size_t len) {
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/segapcm.h b/src/engine/platform/segapcm.h
index b818306b..067054fe 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/segapcm.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/segapcm.h
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #include "../dispatch.h"
 #include "../instrument.h"
 #include "sound/segapcm.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 
 class DivPlatformSegaPCM: public DivDispatch {
   protected:
@@ -59,9 +59,10 @@ class DivPlatformSegaPCM: public DivDispatch {
       unsigned short addr;
       unsigned char val;
       bool addrOrVal;
+      QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0), addrOrVal(false) {}
       QueuedWrite(unsigned short a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v), addrOrVal(false) {}
     };
-    std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+    FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,1024> writes;
     segapcm_device pcm;
     int delay;
     int pcmL, pcmR, pcmCycles;
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/sm8521.cpp b/src/engine/platform/sm8521.cpp
index e72616bd..52c3442c 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/sm8521.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/sm8521.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 #include <math.h>
 
 //#define rWrite(a,v) pendingWrites[a]=v;
-#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
+#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
 
 #define CHIP_DIVIDER 64
 
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/sm8521.h b/src/engine/platform/sm8521.h
index b0a119fb..02e2f458 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/sm8521.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/sm8521.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #define _SM8521_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 #include "../waveSynth.h"
 #include "sound/sm8521.h"
 
@@ -46,11 +46,12 @@ class DivPlatformSM8521: public DivDispatch {
   DivDispatchOscBuffer* oscBuf[3];
   bool isMuted[3];
   struct QueuedWrite {
-      unsigned short addr;
-      unsigned char val;
-      QueuedWrite(unsigned short a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
+    unsigned short addr;
+    unsigned char val;
+    QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0) {}
+    QueuedWrite(unsigned short a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
   };
-  std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+  FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,128> writes;
 
   bool antiClickEnabled;
   struct sm8521_t sm8521;
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/sms.cpp b/src/engine/platform/sms.cpp
index f8858aab..640f364e 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/sms.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/sms.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 #include "../../ta-log.h"
 #include <math.h>
 
-#define rWrite(a,v) {if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);}}}
+#define rWrite(a,v) {if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);}}}
 
 const char* regCheatSheetSN[]={
   "DATA", "0",
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/sms.h b/src/engine/platform/sms.h
index efdfff44..692c0a42 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/sms.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/sms.h
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 extern "C" {
   #include "../../../extern/Nuked-PSG/ympsg.h"
 }
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 
 class DivPlatformSMS: public DivDispatch {
   struct Channel: public SharedChannel<signed char> {
@@ -59,9 +59,10 @@ class DivPlatformSMS: public DivDispatch {
     unsigned short addr;
     unsigned char val;
     bool addrOrVal;
+    QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0), addrOrVal(false) {}
     QueuedWrite(unsigned short a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v), addrOrVal(false) {}
   };
-  std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+  FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,128> writes;
   friend void putDispatchChip(void*,int);
   friend void putDispatchChan(void*,int,int);
 
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/snes.h b/src/engine/platform/snes.h
index 68637be8..cec51c0c 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/snes.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/snes.h
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
 #include "../waveSynth.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 #include "sound/snes/SPC_DSP.h"
 
 class DivPlatformSNES: public DivDispatch {
@@ -81,9 +81,10 @@ class DivPlatformSNES: public DivDispatch {
   struct QueuedWrite {
     unsigned char addr;
     unsigned char val;
+    QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0) {}
     QueuedWrite(unsigned char a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
   };
-  std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+  FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,256> writes;
 
   signed char sampleMem[65536];
   signed char copyOfSampleMem[65536];
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/su.cpp b/src/engine/platform/su.cpp
index 728d7a91..b38b9f86 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/su.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/su.cpp
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #include <math.h>
 
 //#define rWrite(a,v) pendingWrites[a]=v;
-#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
+#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
 #define chWrite(c,a,v) rWrite(((c)<<5)|(a),v);
 
 #define CHIP_DIVIDER 2
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/su.h b/src/engine/platform/su.h
index de67c2fa..d83ae477 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/su.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/su.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #define _SU_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 #include "sound/su.h"
 
 class DivPlatformSoundUnit: public DivDispatch {
@@ -72,11 +72,12 @@ class DivPlatformSoundUnit: public DivDispatch {
   DivDispatchOscBuffer* oscBuf[8];
   bool isMuted[8];
   struct QueuedWrite {
-      unsigned char addr;
-      unsigned char val;
-      QueuedWrite(unsigned char a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
+    unsigned char addr;
+    unsigned char val;
+    QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0) {}
+    QueuedWrite(unsigned char a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
   };
-  std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+  FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,512> writes;
   unsigned char lastPan;
   bool sampleMemSize;
   unsigned char ilCtrl, ilSize, fil1;
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/swan.cpp b/src/engine/platform/swan.cpp
index f2fc6d43..04039e6e 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/swan.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/swan.cpp
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@
 #include "../engine.h"
 #include <math.h>
 
-#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);}}
-#define postWrite(a,v) postDACWrites.emplace(a,v);
+#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);}}
+#define postWrite(a,v) postDACWrites.push(DivRegWrite(a,v));
 
 #define CHIP_DIVIDER 32
 
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/swan.h b/src/engine/platform/swan.h
index cff6cc62..72ddae39 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/swan.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/swan.h
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #include "../dispatch.h"
 #include "../waveSynth.h"
 #include "sound/swan.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 
 class DivPlatformSwan: public DivDispatch {
   struct Channel: public SharedChannel<int> {
@@ -46,12 +46,13 @@ class DivPlatformSwan: public DivDispatch {
 
   unsigned char regPool[0x80];
   struct QueuedWrite {
-      unsigned char addr;
-      unsigned char val;
-      QueuedWrite(unsigned char a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
+    unsigned char addr;
+    unsigned char val;
+    QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0) {}
+    QueuedWrite(unsigned char a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
   };
-  std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
-  std::queue<DivRegWrite> postDACWrites;
+  FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,256> writes;
+  FixedQueue<DivRegWrite,2048> postDACWrites;
   WSwan* ws;
   void updateWave(int ch);
   friend void putDispatchChip(void*,int);
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/t6w28.cpp b/src/engine/platform/t6w28.cpp
index 5d21e1ad..90140da9 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/t6w28.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/t6w28.cpp
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #include <math.h>
 
 //#define rWrite(a,v) pendingWrites[a]=v;
-#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
+#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
 
 const char* regCheatSheetT6W28[]={
   "Data0", "0",
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/t6w28.h b/src/engine/platform/t6w28.h
index d324a09c..33c03a88 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/t6w28.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/t6w28.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #define _T6W28_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 #include "sound/t6w28/T6W28_Apu.h"
 
 class DivPlatformT6W28: public DivDispatch {
@@ -38,11 +38,12 @@ class DivPlatformT6W28: public DivDispatch {
   bool isMuted[4];
   bool easyNoise;
   struct QueuedWrite {
-      unsigned char addr;
-      unsigned char val;
-      QueuedWrite(unsigned char a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
+    unsigned char addr;
+    unsigned char val;
+    QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0) {}
+    QueuedWrite(unsigned char a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
   };
-  std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+  FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,256> writes;
   unsigned char lastPan;
 
   int cycles, curChan, delay;
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/tia.h b/src/engine/platform/tia.h
index 95ae9917..4e7420b7 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/tia.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/tia.h
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 #define _TIA_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
 #include "sound/tia/Audio.h"
 
 class DivPlatformTIA: public DivDispatch {
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/tx81z.cpp b/src/engine/platform/tx81z.cpp
index 86128340..6e70895b 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/tx81z.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/tx81z.cpp
@@ -986,7 +986,7 @@ void DivPlatformTX81Z::poke(std::vector<DivRegWrite>& wlist) {
 }
 
 void DivPlatformTX81Z::reset() {
-  while (!writes.empty()) writes.pop_front();
+  writes.clear();
   memset(regPool,0,330);
   fm_ymfm->reset();
   if (dumpWrites) {
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/tx81z.h b/src/engine/platform/tx81z.h
index d1ebd543..d0bc759c 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/tx81z.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/tx81z.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #define _TX81Z_H
 
 #include "fmshared_OPM.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 #include "sound/ymfm/ymfm_opz.h"
 
 class DivTXInterface: public ymfm::ymfm_interface {
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/vb.cpp b/src/engine/platform/vb.cpp
index 3701b5aa..9edaf2db 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/vb.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/vb.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 #include <math.h>
 
 //#define rWrite(a,v) pendingWrites[a]=v;
-#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
+#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
 #define chWrite(c,a,v) rWrite(0x400+((c)<<6)+((a)<<2),v);
 
 #define CHIP_DIVIDER 16
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/vb.h b/src/engine/platform/vb.h
index 09193f25..2efcdd1b 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/vb.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/vb.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #define _PLATFORM_VB_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 #include "../waveSynth.h"
 #include "sound/vsu.h"
 
@@ -44,11 +44,12 @@ class DivPlatformVB: public DivDispatch {
   DivDispatchOscBuffer* oscBuf[6];
   bool isMuted[6];
   struct QueuedWrite {
-      unsigned short addr;
-      unsigned char val;
-      QueuedWrite(unsigned short a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
+    unsigned short addr;
+    unsigned char val;
+    QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0) {}
+    QueuedWrite(unsigned short a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
   };
-  std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+  FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,2048> writes;
   unsigned char lastPan;
 
   int cycles, curChan, delay;
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/vic20.h b/src/engine/platform/vic20.h
index 5125bd96..e233d984 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/vic20.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/vic20.h
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
 #include "sound/vic20sound.h"
-#include <queue>
 
 class DivPlatformVIC20: public DivDispatch {
   struct Channel: public SharedChannel<int> {
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/vrc6.cpp b/src/engine/platform/vrc6.cpp
index b52bc106..96088d93 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/vrc6.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/vrc6.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 #include <cstddef>
 #include <math.h>
 
-#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.emplace(a,v); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
+#define rWrite(a,v) if (!skipRegisterWrites) {writes.push(QueuedWrite(a,v)); if (dumpWrites) {addWrite(a,v);} }
 #define chWrite(c,a,v) rWrite(0x9000+(c<<12)+(a&3),v)
 
 const char* regCheatSheetVRC6[]={
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/vrc6.h b/src/engine/platform/vrc6.h
index 5a241610..df0aa92e 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/vrc6.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/vrc6.h
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 #ifndef _VRC6_H
 #define _VRC6_H
 
-#include <queue>
+#include "../fixedQueue.h"
 #include "../dispatch.h"
 #include "vgsound_emu/src/vrcvi/vrcvi.hpp"
 
@@ -47,11 +47,12 @@ class DivPlatformVRC6: public DivDispatch, public vrcvi_intf {
   DivDispatchOscBuffer* oscBuf[3];
   bool isMuted[3];
   struct QueuedWrite {
-      unsigned short addr;
-      unsigned char val;
-      QueuedWrite(unsigned short a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
+    unsigned short addr;
+    unsigned char val;
+    QueuedWrite(): addr(0), val(0) {}
+    QueuedWrite(unsigned short a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
   };
-  std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
+  FixedQueue<QueuedWrite,64> writes;
   unsigned char sampleBank;
   unsigned char writeOscBuf;
   vrcvi_core vrc6;
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/ym2203.cpp b/src/engine/platform/ym2203.cpp
index 135ad140..68cccca4 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/ym2203.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/ym2203.cpp
@@ -974,7 +974,7 @@ void DivPlatformYM2203::poke(std::vector<DivRegWrite>& wlist) {
 }
 
 void DivPlatformYM2203::reset() {
-  while (!writes.empty()) writes.pop_front();
+  writes.clear();
   memset(regPool,0,256);
   if (dumpWrites) {
     addWrite(0xffffffff,0);
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/ym2608.cpp b/src/engine/platform/ym2608.cpp
index 589d90d3..02a5ffa0 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/ym2608.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/ym2608.cpp
@@ -1481,7 +1481,7 @@ void DivPlatformYM2608::poke(std::vector<DivRegWrite>& wlist) {
 }
 
 void DivPlatformYM2608::reset() {
-  while (!writes.empty()) writes.pop_front();
+  writes.clear();
   memset(regPool,0,512);
   if (dumpWrites) {
     addWrite(0xffffffff,0);
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/ym2610.cpp b/src/engine/platform/ym2610.cpp
index 66c2f411..4fbf7859 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/ym2610.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/ym2610.cpp
@@ -1441,7 +1441,7 @@ void DivPlatformYM2610::poke(std::vector<DivRegWrite>& wlist) {
 }
 
 void DivPlatformYM2610::reset() {
-  while (!writes.empty()) writes.pop_front();
+  writes.clear();
   memset(regPool,0,512);
   if (dumpWrites) {
     addWrite(0xffffffff,0);
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/ym2610b.cpp b/src/engine/platform/ym2610b.cpp
index d38ad525..4fff4727 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/ym2610b.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/ym2610b.cpp
@@ -1508,7 +1508,7 @@ void DivPlatformYM2610B::poke(std::vector<DivRegWrite>& wlist) {
 }
 
 void DivPlatformYM2610B::reset() {
-  while (!writes.empty()) writes.pop_front();
+  writes.clear();
   memset(regPool,0,512);
   if (dumpWrites) {
     addWrite(0xffffffff,0);
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/ymz280b.h b/src/engine/platform/ymz280b.h
index 3fb4a7dc..14a67dc9 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/ymz280b.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/ymz280b.h
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 #define _YMZ280B_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
 #include "sound/ymz280b.h"
 
 class DivPlatformYMZ280B: public DivDispatch {
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/zxbeeper.cpp b/src/engine/platform/zxbeeper.cpp
index 047dc2cb..3592c049 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/zxbeeper.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/platform/zxbeeper.cpp
@@ -260,7 +260,6 @@ int DivPlatformZXBeeper::getRegisterPoolSize() {
 }
 
 void DivPlatformZXBeeper::reset() {
-  while (!writes.empty()) writes.pop();
   memset(regPool,0,128);
   for (int i=0; i<6; i++) {
     chan[i]=DivPlatformZXBeeper::Channel();
diff --git a/src/engine/platform/zxbeeper.h b/src/engine/platform/zxbeeper.h
index 3e120354..9bd3678a 100644
--- a/src/engine/platform/zxbeeper.h
+++ b/src/engine/platform/zxbeeper.h
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 #define _ZXBEEPER_H
 
 #include "../dispatch.h"
-#include <queue>
 
 class DivPlatformZXBeeper: public DivDispatch {
   struct Channel: public SharedChannel<signed char> {
@@ -35,12 +34,6 @@ class DivPlatformZXBeeper: public DivDispatch {
   Channel chan[6];
   DivDispatchOscBuffer* oscBuf[6];
   bool isMuted[6];
-  struct QueuedWrite {
-      unsigned char addr;
-      unsigned char val;
-      QueuedWrite(unsigned char a, unsigned char v): addr(a), val(v) {}
-  };
-  std::queue<QueuedWrite> writes;
   unsigned char lastPan, ulaOut;
 
   int cycles, curChan, sOffTimer, delay, curSample, curSamplePeriod;